Transcript Politics and Society in the New Republic

Politics and Society in the
New Republic
Chapter 7
A Voice of Dissent:
"The Eyes of the United States are
turned upon this Assembly and
their Expectations raised to a very
anxious Degree."
• Had written the Virginia
Declaration of Rights
• He left the convention
bitterly disappointed
"It has no declaration of
rights"
Bill of Rights
•
wrote the Bill
of Rights
– Passed by
Congress in
– Ratified by
states in
Is too much
ambition a bad
thing?
“We are in a
wilderness
without a
single footstep
to guide us.”
Who can
lead the
new United
States of
America?
Election
of 1789
Election of 1789
Party
Electoral
Vote
Federalist
69
Federalist
34
John Jay (NY)
Federalist
9
John Rutledge (SC)
Federalist
6
John Hancock (MA)
Federalist
4
George Clinton (NY)
Anti-Federalist
3
Candidates
Others
7
Electoral votes not cast
44
Washington for President
• George Washington was unanimously
elected as President by the Electoral
College in 1789
• He took the oath of office on April 30, 1789
Article II, Section 1, Clause 8
I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office
of President of the United States, and will to the best of my ability,
preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States.
Is too much
ambition a bad
thing?
Cincinnatus
"With one hand he returns the
fasces, symbol of power as
appointed dictator of Rome.
His other hand holds the
plow, as he resumes the life
of a citizen and farmer."
"He relinquished everything
to save the Republic"
http://www.societyofthecincinnati.org/
“About ten o’clock I bade adieu
[farewell] to Mount Vernon, to private
life, and to domestic felicity
[happiness]; and with a mind
oppressed with more anxious and
painful sensations than I have words to
express, set out for New York…with the
best dispositions [intentions] to render
service to my country in obedience to
its call, but with less hope of answering
its expectations.”
- The Diaries of George Washington
"I walk on untrodden
ground. There is
scarcely any part of
my conduct which
may not hereafter be
drawn into
precedent."
Judiciary Act of 1789
• Article III of U.S. Constitution
• Judiciary Act of 1789 provided federal
judicial structure
–
–
–
– State decisions could be appealed to
SCOTUS
• Article VI
Federal Courts
Cabinet
• Article Two of the U.S. Constitution:
– The President "...shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and
Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public
Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, and all
other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not
herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by
Law: but the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such
inferior Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in
the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments."
• Article Two of the Constitution provides that the
President can:
– Require "the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of
the executive Departments, upon any Subject relating to the
Duties of their respective Offices."
Cabinet
• 1789  Executive Branch = Pres + VP
• Congress created executive departments
–
–
–
–