Transcript The Cold War

The Cold War
By; Thomas Bernicker, Christian
Ash, Dylan Karivalis, and Matt
Brannau
Nuclear Weapons
Nuclear Weapons deadliest bomb on
planet
 More Nuclear Fission= Bigger Explosion
 Result of explosion= mushroom cloud

Think about it… What would it be like if a
country did use nuclear weapons?
Nuclear Weapon Effects
What is the effect of a
nuclear bomb?
1.
2.
3.
4.
First effect blinding light
After a cloud of ash+ debris
Then radiation affects
everything
Years later after explosion
Nuclear Winter
What is a nuclear
bomb made of?
1. The main energy of
a nuclear bomb is
nuclear fission
The Manhattan Project
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Dr. Robert Oppenheimer was the person that
discovered nuclear weapons

Led by the United States, United Kingdom, and
Canada
 The
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U.S. spent $2 billion dollars then
22 billion today
First nuclear bomb exploded was in Hiroshima during WWII
 Many countries made nuclear bombs after the U.S.
Think about it: what would have happened if the Soviet Union developed a nuclear
bomb before the United States?
Fears of Nuclear Weapons

People:
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Scared that nuclear
weapons would:
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Create a nuclear war
Everybody would die
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Government:
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If a nuclear weapon
did go off in their
country:
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Or be injured
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They needed to calm
down rest of the country
Strike back
Bomb Shelters
Bomb shelters in homes
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At least 12 inches thick
Avoid harmful explosion and radioactivity
Consists of:
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Shielding, reducing gamma-ray exposure
Popular building material: concrete, bricks, earth, and sand
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Dense and heavy enough to provide fallout protection
Recommended Fallout shelters be placed in:
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Basements
Buried in backyard
Also transformed public buildings to bomb shelters
Bomb Shelters Contd.
Not designed well in 1960’s
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Occupants Suffered
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Heat exhaustion and suffocation
Occupants: stay in shelter for several months
Recommended
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Battery-powered radio
Lanterns
Sleeping bags
Bomb Shelters Contd.
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Food and drink recommended
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Variety of canned goods
Bottled drinking water/water storage drum
First-aid kit
Recreational and other materials
recommended
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Book
Games
Writing materials
Bomb Drills in School
Drop and Cover created
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Drop to avoid flying objects
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Cover to avoid being burned or getting cut
Air raid drill were created in the early 1950’s
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Bert the turtle explained to Drop and Cover during an air raid
drill
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Harry S. Truman
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Became president after Roosevelt’s Death
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April 12, 1945
End of WWII
Start of the Cold War
Proposed the Truman Doctrine
The Truman Doctrine
Proposed by President Truman
 Help stop the spread of Communism
 Financial and military aid to


Greece and Turkey
 Urgent
request to stop communist countries
from invading

Spent $400 million dollars to help Greece and Turkey
The Marshall Plan
Also called European Recovery Program
 Developed at the Paris Economic
Conference
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By Secretary of State George Marshall
Made to help European countries after
WWII
US and USSR
2nd leaders
Jimmy Carter
And
Leniod Brezhev
Purpose: reduce
Nuclear weapons
SALT 1 and 2
1st Leaders
Richard Nixon
And Leniod
Brezhev
Held in Helsinki,
Finland ,
in 1970 2nd
In 1979
Help prevent
Countries from
Entering
Nuclear war
Think about it… what could of happened if
SALT 1 and 2 weren’t created?
Sputnik
First
man made Satellite
Launched by Soviet Union in October 4,
1957
Entered the countries into a arms race
and space race
Made to be launched into space to orbit
around the earth
Took 3 months
Built- August
1961. A time of
growing tensions
between East
and West Berlin
Dismantled1990
a failed gamble
 by the Communists
to keep power
The Berlin
Wall
First Built With
Barbed Wire
Prevented
East Berliners
From entering
West Berlin
Switched to
Concrete watch
towers
The Berlin Wall

Germany and Berlin split into 4 zones
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U.S.S.R., U.S., France, and Britain
The U.S., France, and Britain combined
forming East Germany and East Berlin
 U.S.S.R. mad West Germany and Berlin
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Cuban Missile Crisis
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Khrushchev sought to place missiles close to the U.S.
Soviets and Cuba thought U.S. would invade Cuba
They deploy nuclear missiles
1962- Soviets had only 50 bombers and missiles
Missiles only 90 miles from U.S.
Warheads the size of Hiroshima bomb
Start- October 14
End- October 28
John F. Kennedy During War
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President of the United States from 1961-1963
On Oct. 16 he found out about the missiles
Oct. 18 conferred with Soviet Minister of Foreign Affaires- Andrei
Gromyko
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Oct. 20 Kennedy spent entire day conferring with advisers
Two military options:
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Stated that the missiles were for defense
Surgical air strike against the bases
Or a naval blockade of Cuba
He announced that any missile launched at the U.S. from Cuba
would be a Soviet attack
Nikita Khrushchev
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1953- Named head of Communist Party
Did not want war with Western Countries
1962- Wanted missiles in Cuba
Americans citizens got angry at:
- U.S. government because they said they will
remove missiles from Italy and Turkey if missiles
are removed from Cuba
Think about it… what could have happened if the
U.S. didn’t say that they would remove nuclear
missiles from Italy and Turkey?
Fidel Castro
Born
in 1926 in Havana
President of Cuba
Wanted to extend
Cuban revolution
Needed help from Soviet Union
Cuban economy depended on billions of
Soviet money
Cuba becomes allies with Soviet Union
The End to the War
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The world averted a nuclear war
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The terror of a nuclear missile hitting you was
over
No country actually detonated a nuclear
bomb on another country
Big Question
• What would have happened if
nuclear weapons were never
created?
Finished
Video:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wk5uRO2dmRA