Transcript Westward Movement! - Steven Lin`s Websites

Westward Movement!
By Mr. Lin (of course )
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What Was the Louisiana Territory?
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http://fotw.vexillum.com/images/e/es1785~w.gif
• This territory included the
middle third of our current
country.
• It stretched from west of
the Mississippi River to
Colorado and Texas.
• When Americans first
needed to use the
Mississippi River, it
originally belonged to
Spain.
• Unfortunately, Spain
would not allow the
United States to use the
river!
The Louisiana Territory
•
Image Courtesy of http://www.waterplanet.ws/lewisandclark/p06Lpurc.jpg
French Connection
• French Emperor
Napoleon signed a
treaty to have the
Spanish hand over
the Louisiana
Territory. This was
officially completed in
1803.
Image Courtesy of
http://www.worth1000.com/web/media/102116/napoleon.jpg
President Thomas Jefferson
• 3rd U.S. President
• Already famous for
writing the VA Statute of
Religious Freedom, and
the Declaration of
Independence
• Already famous for being
an inventor, scientist, and
“Father of modern
Archaeology”
• In 1803, Jefferson found
a reason AND WAY to
purchase the Louisiana
Territory (along with the
Mississippi River)
Image Courtesy of
http://worldroots.com/brigitte/gifs/thomasjeff.jpg
Thomas Jefferson
How Did Jefferson Buy the
Louisiana Territory From France?
• Jefferson knew that
Napoleon desired to
dominate Europe. In
fact, Napoleon needed
money to pay for the
wars he was fighting.
• Jefferson sent Monroe to
offer to buy only the City
of New Orleans (and
control of the Mississippi
River) for $10 Million.
Image Courtesy of
http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents
/images/jm5.gif
What Ended Up Happening?
We are prepared to
offer $10 Million
for the City of New
Orleans and control
of the Mississippi
River!
1803. In a meeting between James Monroe
and Emperor Napoleon
Hmm . . .
Sounds
interesting.
Let me think
about it,
Monroe.
Later on in his study . . .
An interesting proposal
indeed. Hmm . . . Why don’t
I just sell the entire
Louisiana Territory for $15
Million! I don’t need the
land after all . . . But I do
need money to TAKE OVER
EUROPE!!!
mmmmwwwahahahHAHA!
Upon hearing Napoleon’s new
offer of the ENTIRE
LOUISIANA TERRITORY for
$15 Million . . .
$15 Million for the
ENTIRE Louisiana
Territory?! ONLY
$15 Million? Is he
crazy? That is
ridiculously cheap!
. . . finally
Well? What do you think?
What will it be, Monroe?
DEAL? Or NO
DEAL?!
DEAL! For only
$15 Million, of
course it’s a deal!
I’d be insane if I
thought otherwise!
I still
think the
Emperor’s
crazy!
1804
• In 1804, the Louisiana
Territory was officially
handed over to the
United States.
• Overnight, the United
States had doubled
its size!
• Now tell me . . . Is
that awesome? Or is
it cool?
Ummm . . . I
believe that
would simply be
“Suh-weeeet!”
SO WHAT DID YOU BUY?!
Umm . . . Well, that’s an
interesting question
Clubhouse. I’ll call up my
friends Lewis and Clark to
find out for us all!
The Lewis and Clark Expedition
Capt. Meriwether Lewis
Image Courtesy of
http://upload.wikimedia.org/
wikipedia/en/5/50/
MeriwetherLewis.jpeg
• Lewis was a friend of
Jefferson.
• Clark was selected to be the
other leader.
• Mission:
2nd LT. William Clark
Image Courtesy of
http://upload.wikimedia.org/
wikipedia/de/thumb/a/aa/
WilliamClark.jpeg/180pxWilliamClark.jpeg
– 1. To find a waterway to the
Northwest
– 2. Discover new plant and
animal species.
Sacagawea
• An American
Indian who helped
Lewis and Clark
cross through
Indian territory
peacefully.
• She also helped
the expedition
survive throughout
the journey.
Northwest Waterway?
Could there be a
waterway to the west?
Result of the Expedition
• Lewis and Clark
did not find a
Northwest Water
Passage.
– None existed
• Lewis and Clark
did, however,
observe, draw,
and write about
hundreds of new
species and
plants!
James Madison As President
• James Madison
became our 4th
President.
• Even though he did
many great things in
his life (Father of the
U.S. Constitution), his
presidency is best
known for going to
war with England a
second time.
James Madison
Image Courtesy of http://img.tfd.com/authors/madison.jpg
James Madison
“Impressing” – And I don’t mean
the good way 
• England and France were
both in the middle of
battling each other.
• They needed more and
more sailors to serve on
warships in their Navy.
• Both countries decided to
kidnap U.S. sailors and
“press” them into service
in their own navies.
Image Courtesy of
http://www.sw19j.com/images/War_of_1812_Seiz
ure.jpg
– This was called
“impressing.”
• Obviously, the U.S. did
not like this idea.
Hehe . . . Nevermind. You
win. Just keep those guns
away from me, okay sir?!
Oh.
NEVER!
Wait!
Who’s
this?
Ahh … What a
beautiful day!
And this looks
like a good place
to fish
One fine and peaceful day at sea
Well . . . Perhaps
these guns will
convince you!
Get off your boat! You
are now to fight with us
against the French . . .
FOR ENGLAND!!!
Moments later . . .
MmwwaahahahAHA
HAH! You
Americans are
weak!
Good
Choice.
No
kidding!
You just
sunk
another
American
ship!
How Did Americans Respond to
Impressing?
• We first asked France
to stop impressing us
to fight the British.
• The French agree.
• Americans yell,
“YAY!”
• Then we ask England
to stop impressing our
sailors to fight the
French.
• The British simply
laugh at us.
• Americans yell,
“WAR!”
Thus begins the War of 1812
• England strikes first.
• The British land in the
Hampton Roads, and lay
waste to Norfolk and
Newport News by setting
a trail of blazes all the
way to Washington D.C.
• They burn down D.C. and
the White House
• James Madison escaped
early.
• Dolly Madison, however,
stuck around to save topsecret documents and
priceless and valuable
artifacts before she
leaves.
– She barely escapes as the
British come riding up to
the White House.
Images of the War of 1812
The British torch Washington D.C.
Image Courtesy of http://impiousdigest.com/WashingtonBurns.jpg
Images of the War of 1812
Dolly Madison
Image Courtesy of http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Dolleymadison.jpg/440px-Dolley-madison.jpg
Images of the War of 1812
Dolly Madison saves government documents and works of art
Image Courtesy of http://www.presidentprofiles.com/images/prh_01_img0094.jpg
Americans Fight Back
• The Battle of Presque Isle
– Pennsylvanians and the U.S.
Navy build warships on Lake
Erie to battle British ships
coming from Canada.
– Americans score a victory!
– “We have met the enemy, and
they are ours!”
Image Courtesy of
http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/images/940.j
pg
Pennsylvania License Plate
Image Courtesy of http://www.rtbrandon.com/blankplates/USA/pa/niagara.jpg
Americans Fight Back
• Battle of New Orleans
• General Jackson had a
relatively small army.
– Interestingly, this happened
right after we signed a
peace treaty with England
and declared the war a tie.
– Unfortunately, mail did not
travel fast enough to New
Orleans
– General Andrew Jackson
(future 7th President, and
face on the 20 dollar bill)
ends up battling the British.
– Cool Fact: Jackson had
the help of a small band of
pirates under Jean Lafitte.
• They score a crushing
victory over the British.
– So even though the war
was officially tied, the
Americans got the last
laugh.
Battle of New Orleans
Image Courtesy of http://www.flheritage.com/museum/collections/governors/portraits/1_Jackson.jpg
Battle of New Orleans
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Battle of New Orleans
Image Courtesy of http://www.army.mil/cmh/art/a&i/norleans.jpg
Battle of New Orleans
Image Courtesy of http://shs.westport.k12.ct.us/jwb/AP/Images/BattNOrleans.jpg
Leave North and South
America alone!!
Monroe Doctrine
• After beating a world power like
England, the United States
finally gets some respect.
• James Monroe becomes the
next (fifth) president.
• He makes a “doctrine” or rule
that Europe may no longer
create new colonies in both
North and South America.
– The United States will also begin
encouraging old colonies to break
free from countries like England,
France, Spain, and Portugal.
James Monroe
James Monroe