Transcript Number of archalogical field surveyes compared with number of

Digital Archaeological
Resources at the University
of Bergen:
An Efficient Tool in
Research and Heritage
Management?
Orig. presented on EAA’98
Bornemouth, UK
Adjusted 2002
The Norwegian Museum Project/
The Unit for Digital Documentation,
The Faculty of Arts, Univ. of Oslo
The Norwegian Museum Project
• A major national effort to create common
scientific databases for the university
museums in Norway, 1998-2005
• Keywords: object administration, field
work, research, teaching, dissemination of
information, cultural and natural heritage
and management and rational access to
information.
The Bergen sub project
- data sources
• The Ancient Site and Monuments Survey,
compiled 1940 – 1975, covering 77 municipalities
(5000 printed pages).
• The published find/aquisition catalogues 18401994 (4500 printed pages)
• The topographical archives 1850 – 2002 covering
7600 farms: letters, field surveys, reports (110000
document pages)
The regions
covered by
Bergen
Museum
Bergen
Sunnmøre
Sogn og Fjordane
Hordaland
Oslo
Stavanger
The Ancient Monuments Survey
• 1950 - 1975
• Covering 77
municipalities (5000
text-pages).
• Converted to electronic
text with SGML mark
up.
• Relational database and
on-line search on the
Web.
The published find/aquisition
catalogues
• Covering 77
municipalities
(4500 text-pages).
• Converted to
electronic text
with SGML mark
up.
• Relational
database and online search on the
Web.
The published find/aquistion catalogues
electronic text with SGML mark up
<CATYEAR>
<INTRO> <MNAME>UNIVERSITETETS OLDSAKSAMLING TILVEKST
<YEAR>1989 </INTRO>
[…]
<NRPAR><CATNR nrid="37267">C.37267. <ARTEFDATA><ARTEFACT>Axe</ARTEFACT> of
<MAT>iron</MAT> <SHARED>from <AGE>Late Medieval time</AGE>. <ARTEFDATA>
<MEAS>L: 141mm</MEAS>, <MEAS>edge W:109mm</MEAS>. Carpenter's axe with
<FORM>specially shaped </FORM> blade to accommodate the fingers when it is held just "behind" the
edge. Particularly necessary for fine work, when used at an angle to the edge, or as a gouge.
<SHARED>Found<FINDLOC>on the hill, about
300m above <LOC>ÅROS KAPELL</LOC>, <FARM>SJØGLØTT</FARM>,
<PARISH>ÅROS</PARISH>, <MUNICIPALITY>RØYKEN</MUNICIPALITY>,
<COUNTY>BUSKERUD</COUNTY></FINDLOC>, in 1959 by <FINDER>Berge Narvik<
/FINDER>, Tjernsrudveien 24, Jar, Oslo. </SHARED> </NRPAR>
(Translated exerpt from the similar catalogues from the archaeological museum in Oslo)
The topographical archive
Bergen Museum
• Covering 7 600
individual farms
(105 000 text-pages).
• Contains: letters,
field survey, maps,
excavations reports,
drawings etc.
• New documents
added regularly
Topographical Archive - Scanning
*Two scanners :
1 highspeed A3 format (Fujitsu)
1 A0 width, unlimit length (Contex 8000)
*Format : 1- bit TIFF single page (1995-1998)
24-bits color TIFF (1999- )
*Each document stored as two sets of single page files
B/W for fast presentation
Color for details
Topographical Archive - Physical Archive Data Model
Oracle Server
File Server
Physical Archive
Physical_document
Physical_document
Physical_document
Document_Number
Document_Number
In_Folder_Rel
Document_Number
In_Folder_Rel
No_Of_pages
No_Of_pages
No_Of_pages
Document_Path
Document_Path
Document_Path
Document_Format
Document_Format
Document_Format
Document_Folder_Id
File System
Document_folder
Document_folder
Folder_Type
Document_Folder
Folder_Type
Folder_For_Rel
Folder_Type
Folder_For_Rel
Folder_Section_Rel
Folder_For_Id
Folder_Section_Rel
Folder_Section_Id
Archive Section
Archive
Section
Section_Name
Section_Name
Section_adress
Section_adress
Section_type
Section_type
Scanned Files
Topographical Archive –
Extracted Information Data Model
Case
Case
Case
Event_Type
Illustration
Illustration
Subject - free text
Illustration
Illustration
Illustration/ photo
Event_Type
Event_Type
Case_in_document
Case_in_document
Case_in_document
Logical_Doc_Rel
Event_types
Event_types
Event_type
Person
Person
Date
Physical_document
Physical_document
Physical_document
Logical_Doc_Rel
Case_Rel
Case_Number
Case_Rel
Event_Rel
Event_Type
Event_Rel
Logical_Doc_Id
Logical_document
Logical_document
Logical_document
Physical_Doc-Number
Physical_Doc-Number
Sender
Physical_Doc-Number
Sender
Receiver
Sender
Receiver
Document_Type
Recipient
Document_Type
Document_Type
Illustration
Illustration
Artefact
Illustration
Illustration
Site/Monument
Illustration
Illustration
Farm/Place
Person
Person
Person
The Ancient Monuments Survey Extracted
Information Data Model
Illustration
Illustration
Ref. literature
Person
Person
Person
Illustration
Illustration
Farm/Place
Illustration
Illustration
Artefact
Illustration
Illustration
Site/Monument
Find/aquisition catalogues
Extracted Information Data Model
Catalogues
Catalogues
XML
text
Catalogues
XML text
SGML text
Event_types
Event_types
Event_type
Person
Person
Date
Illustration
Illustration
Artefact
Illustration
Illustration
Place
Person
Person
Person
Sample query 1:
Number of archaeological field surveys compared with
number of excavations and number of new finds (1955 to
1975).
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Surveyes
Excavations
New finds
Hordaland
Sogn og
Fjordane
Sunnmøre
Sample query 2:
Destroyed ancient monuments from 1950 to 1980
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Hordaland
Sogn og Fjordane
Sunnmøre
Destroyed
monuments
Investegated by
the police
Convictions
Implementation
 The databases are implemented in Oracle 8.1.7, not using any spesific
object oriented features
 The object types (and the table structures) are defined in a common
meta database
 All databases are accessed via a common framework
 The common framework get design and structure information from
the meta database. All queries are generated automatically on the
basis of the information in the meta database.
 Each user is granted access via a user database
 The user interface program checks the meta database for new versions
of modules and upgrade it self automatically via the net.
 New databases are added regularly
 A WWW version is being developed
The Universities’ Collection Databases
 ”The Universities’ Collection Databases” denotes all
databases developed by the Unit for digital documentation at the
Arts Faculty, University of Oslo.
 The databases contains data from archaeology, antropology,
botany, zoology, numismatics, history, history of arts,
lexicography
 Data
 The databases are accessible via specially developed end user
applications and via the WWW.