Transcript Enough about Populism and all that other junk… Let`s get to some

The Spanish-American War
McKinley to Teddy
Roosevelt
Problems with Cuba
• Cuba is a COLONY of Spain.
• Eventually (as people in
colonies often do) Cuba got
tired of Spanish control and
revolt.
• Rebels, led by JOSE MARTI, set
up their own gov’t and declare
independence in 1895.
• Spain and Cuba go to war
because of this.
This is the exciting map that
shows you where Cuba is…
The U.S. gets all up in
other people’s business…
• The U.S. and Cuba had
ECONOMIC ($$) ties, since U.S.
imported a bunch of sugar.
• Many Americans also felt sorry
for Cuba (since the U.S. was a
colony not that long ago as
well).
• People in the U.S. want the
gov’t to support Cuba.
YELLOW JOURNALISM
• Newspapers begin printing
exaggerated stories about what was
going on in Cuba.
• WILLIAM RANDOLPH HEARST and
JOSEPH PULITZER print these
stories to stir up sentiment to help
the Cubans (and sell newspapers).
• This type of journalism becomes
known as YELLOW JOURNALISM.
The U.S. Steps in…
• Spain appoints Valeriano Weyler or
El Carnicero in charge and sent
20,000 troops.
• Finally, President McKinley asks if
the U.S. can help settle the dispute.
• In Feb. 1898, a letter from Spanish
ambassador Enrique Dupuy de Lome
calls President McKinley weak. This
makes the U.S. mad.
U.S. Naval Blockade around Cuba
• Cuba and Spain can’t agree, so McKinley
sends the U.S.S. Maine to Havana’s Harbor
in case U.S. citizens needed to get out
quick.
• February 15, 1898 – The Maine explodes.
We don’t know why – probably an accident,
but people blame Spain.
• Many folks, who wanted a war anyway, call
for WAR on SPAIN. Supporters cry
“Remember the Maine…”
• McKinley gives in, and America is at war
by April 1898.
Guam and the Philippines
• The revamped U.S. navy is
ready to go and attack the
PHILIPPINES (a Spanish colony)
in the Pacific.
• They defeat the Spanish navy
easily, and U.S. army comes
through and takes control of it
and GUAM (another island).
Back in Cuba…
• As it turns out, yellow fever hit
the U.S. much harder than Spain
did.
• Volunteer soldiers, with 2nd in
Command Teddy Roosevelt,
help take SAN JUAN HILL – this
sends the Spanish Navy into the
harbor where the U.S. defeats
them.
Charge of the Roughriders at San
Juan Hill by Frederic Remington
• Roosevelt and the Rough Riders
on San Juan Hill”
So we won… Now what?
• On April 12, 1898, the war ends.
• America now has to decide
what to do with Cuba, Guam,
the Philippines, and Puerto
Rico.
• Some want the U.S. to ANNEX,
others thought becoming an
IMPERIALIST POWER was a bad
idea.
• Guam and Puerto Rico – The
U.S. annexes. In 1900, Puerto
Rico becomes a U.S. territory
(set up by the Foraker Act).
• U.S. annexes the Philippines,
but many Filipinos don’t like it.
• Cuba – grants independence,
but only after signing the PLATT
AMENDMENT.
• THE U.S. IS NOW AN IMPERIAL
POWER…
PLATT AMENDMENT
• To get independence, Cuba had
to:
• 1) Not make a treaty with
another country to weaken its
independence
• 2) U.S. can lease naval stations
in Cuba
• 3) Cuba’s debts had to be low
• 4) U.S. could intervene if
necessary to keep order.
Philippine Insurrection
• A consequence of
American Imperialism
• Filipinos fought for
their Independence
from the United States.
• The subsequent war
would cost the lives of
over 4,000 American
troops, 20,000 Filipino
soldiers, and 500,000
Filipino civilians.
American Foreign Policy
under T.R.
• Big Stick DiplomacyTheodore Roosevelt’s
foreign policy of
negotiations backed by
the threat of force.
Roosevelt said that
America should speak
softly and “carry a big
stick.”
• This strong handed
foreign policy eventually
led to the American
domination of the
Western Hemisphere.
The Monroe Doctrine
and Roosevelt Corollary
• Monroe Doctrine (1823)- European
powers should create no new colonies
in the Western Hemisphere and that
any further colonization would be
viewed as an act of aggression.
• The Roosevelt Corollary (1904)Roosevelt’s addition to the Monroe
Doctrine that stated that if any
situation threatened the independence
of any country in the Western
Hemisphere, the United States would
act as an “international police power.”
*Big Stick Diplomacy
Panama Canal
• The United States
needed a way to get
from the Atlantic to the
Pacific without going all
the way around South
America.
• They struck a deal with
Panama, to protect them
and support their cause
for Independence from
Colombia.
• In return the United
States got exclusive
rights to build and
operate a shipping canal
through Panama.