Transcript Ch. 18 Lesson 1 - Reeths

Origins of the Cold War
How & why did we get into another war so quickly?
Anticipatory Set
“The Geography of Containment”
Describe the meaning behind these cartoons. What is the point of view of
each cartoon? What does containment mean? Why would the title be the
same for each cartoon?
Your Objectives
• Explain the breakdown in relations between
the United States and the Soviet Union after
WWII.
• Summarize the steps taken to contain Soviet
influence.
• Describe how the Truman Doctrine and the
Marshall Plan deepened Cold War tensions.
• Explain how conflicts over Germany increased
fear of Soviet aggression.
A difference of opinion
The United States
• Political system = Democracy
• Economic system = Capitalism
• Anger over alliance with Hitler –
Stalin changed sides with Hitler’s
invasion of S.U.
• Anger over false promise of free
elections
The Soviet Union
• Political system = Totalitarianism
• Economic system = Communism
• Anger over delay in attacking
Germans in Europe
• Anger over atomic bomb
development
A difference of opinion
• The United Nations – peacekeeping
body or a new arena of influence?
• Potsdam Conference flops…
– Reparations come from own
occupation areas
– Not good enough for U.S. and S.U.
– U.S. wants access to Eastern Europe
for raw materials and market for
finished goods
– S.U. wants claim to Eastern Europe
to keep out future invasions
• Leads to Cold War!!
America
Soviet Union
Free elections
No elections or
fixed
Democratic
Autocratic /
Dictatorship
Capitalist
Communist
‘Survival of the
fittest’
Everybody helps
everybody
Richest world
power
Poor economic
base
Personal freedom
Society controlled
by the NKVD
(secret police)
Freedom of the
media
Total censorship
TPS – Think, Pair, Share
• Pg. 604 – Read Chart on U.S. and Soviet Aims
• Think about some answers to Q’s below (you
can jot them down)
• Pair with a person wearing a similar color shirt
(you can move to be with partner)
• 1. Share your ideas with each other
2. Discuss how these aims are not compatible
• 3. Whole class share/discuss
But Why is Communism Bad?
• Ideal: Public ownership and communal control
of resources and means of production
(everybody gets some); classless state
• Reality:
– Single party control with no dissent;
– state controlled wages, prices,
production=inefficient;
– not the same standard of living (mass poverty)
The Cold War & Containment
• Hostility between United States & Soviet
Union from 1945-1991 with no actual military
conflict.
• Take steps to prevent Communism from
spreading.
• Churchill’s Iron Curtain speech
• Iron Curtain – the border between Western
Europe (Democratic) and Eastern Europe
(Communist)
Deepening Tensions – Steps of
Containment
The Truman Doctrine
The Marshall Plan
NATO
•Political step
•Economic step
•Military step
•Support free
peoples
•Provide $ to ALL
European nations
•Support self
determination
•Rebuild
infrastructure
•Defensive
military
alliance
•Prevent
Communism
•Stop hunger,
poverty
•Gave aid to Greece
& Turkey
•Gave aid to 16
nations
Results:
•Western Europe
flourishes
•Stalin refused aid!
Geography Matters
Struggle over Germany
•The city of Berlin was
divided just like Germany
•West Berlin surrounded
by Soviet territory
•Stalin believed he could
acquire W. Berlin by
blockade-cutting off
railroads & routes in for
supplies
•U.S. and British
overcame blockade with
Berlin Airlift – lasted
almost a year before
Stalin gave up
•Backfired for Stalin
•Boosted view of U.S.
Recap & Assessment
• Explain the breakdown in relations between the
United States and the Soviet Union after WWII.
• Summarize the steps taken to contain Soviet
influence.
• Describe how the Truman Doctrine and the
Marshall Plan deepened Cold War tensions.
• Explain how conflicts over Germany increased
fear of Soviet aggression.
• Exit Card – Describe one of these objectives using
vocab and content discussed