Transcript Race to Space!

Space Race /Arms Race
between U.S.A and Russia
The growth of atomic weapons
between the two superpower.
• in 1949 the united state had dropped two
atomic bombs on Japan to end world war two.
• _________ years later, The Soviet union built
their own atomic bomb. Many Americans
feared a nuclear attack.
http://youtu.be/IKqXu-5jw60
• A deadly arms race had begun . Both
superpowers _________________ nuclear
weapon. By the end of the decade, both sides
were developing missiles to carry bombs to
each other's doorsteps.
Space Race
between U.S.A and Soviet Union
• Space Race was a __________________ of space
exploration between the United State and Soviet
Union, which lasted roughly from 1957 to 1975.
• By 1960 the superpowers were in a space race
as well as an arms race. Americans were
stunned in 1957 when the Soviet sent
__________________, a man-made satellite, into
orbit around the earth.
Start of the “Space Race”
• October 4th, 1957, Russia
launched the first artificial
satellite, Sputnik, into orbit
• Sputnik orbited the earth
once every _________
minutes.
• Caused a wide-spread panic
in the U.S.
• People feared the Soviet
Union would dominate the
world in space exploration
Competitors in the Space Race
United
States
Soviet
Union
• After the launch of Sputnik, the U.S. and U.S.S.R. were
in direct competition to have most advanced space
program
• Viewed as a ________ between communism and
capitalism
• National pride and fears for national _____________ played
large roles in motivating space race
Laika & Sputnik 2
•
The Soviet
spacecraft Sputnik 2 was
launched into outer space
on November 3, 1957.
•
Inside Sputnik 2 was a
dog named Laika. Laika
became the first animal
launched into orbit, paving
the way for human
spaceflight.
• The first US satellite
Explorer 1 would not be
launched until February 1,
1958.
Formation of NASA
• Founded 1958 after Congress passed the National
Aeronautics and Space Act
• Formed in direct response to the launch of Sputnik
• Purpose to provide organization and direction of
U.S. space program
• First missions focused on getting humans into
space, studying effects of space on humans, and
returning astronauts safely to Earth
First Human(s) in Space
On April 12, 1961, the
Soviets succeeded in
launching the first human
into space.
______________________
American _______________
was the first man to orbit
the earth on February 20,
1962.
The Mercury Project
• NASA’s first
mission
• Mission goals:
– getting an astronaut
into space
– completing an
___________
– returning astronaut
to Earth safely
• Several preliminary
Mercury launches
were _____________
The Mercury - Atlas I
spacecraft
Enos the chimpanzee, crew of the Mercury
– Atlas V spacecraft
The Gemini Project
• Involved sending two
astronauts into orbit
for longer periods of
time
Astronaut Ed White, II
The
rendezvous
of the Gemini
VI and
Gemini VII
spacecraft
• Paved the way and
tested equipment for
the Apollo missions to
the moon
• Astronaut Ed White, II
performs the first
spacewalk by an
American during the
Gemini IV mission
President Kennedy’s Challenge
• May 21, 1961:
President Kennedy
challenged the
United States to
land astronauts on
the moon and to
return them safely
to Earth.
• Challenge provided
a “finish line” for
the space race
President John F. Kennedy
The Apollo Missions
• Apollo 11-17 involved
landing men on the
__________; Apollo 13
was aborted due to a
malfunction
The Apollo 11 launch
Neil Armstrong
• July 20, 1969,
______________________
______________________
of Apollo 11 were first
men on the moon
Buzz Aldrin,