Transcript Chapter 15 Study Guide pptx

1. The era following World War II of high tension
and bitter rivalry between the United States and the
Soviet Union in which the two powers would avoid
fighting each other directly but would block each
other’s goals around the world is referred to as?
Cold War
2. Name the two countries that became bitter rivals
in the era known as the Cold War?
• The United States and the
Soviet Union
3. What was the relationship between these
powers?
• Viewed each other with
__________.
mistrust
4. What philosophical beliefs did the Soviet
Union support that brought about the Cold War?
• Soviets
–Communism
–Totalitarian
–Dictatorship
5. What philosophical beliefs did the United States
support that brought about the Cold War?
• United States
–Free Enterprise
–Capitalism
–Republic
6. What did the American public fear most
about the Soviet Union?
• Communism and its
emphasis on a …..
World Revolution
7. At the Yalta meeting, agreement broke down
over what issues?
• Issues in Eastern Europe
8. The Allies controlled most of what section of
Europe at the conclusion of World War II ?
• Western Europe
9. At the close of WWII the Soviet Union controlled
most of what section of Europe?
• Eastern Europe
At the close of WW II the Allies
controlled western
________ Europe the
eastern
Soviet Union controlled ________
Europe
10. Why did Roosevelt and Churchill
agree to Soviet influence in eastern
Europe?
• The war in the Pacific was still
raging
11. What term coined by Winston Churchill in 1946
described the imaginary line dividing Communist
countries in the Soviet bloc from countries in Western
Europe during the Cold War?
- Iron Curtain
12. After WWII what type of government did Stalin
install in Eastern Europe?
- Communist
13. What U. S. policy adopted in the late 1940’s was
used to stop the spread of communism?
•Containment
14. President Truman’s pledge to provide
economic and military aid to countries
threatened by the Soviet Union in an effort to
check the spread of communism is called?
-Truman Doctrine
15. What was the 1947 plan for the reconstruction
of Europe after World War II announced by the
United States Secretary of State?
•Marshall Plan
16. How many zones of occupation was
Germany and its capital divided into after WW
II?
• Country divided into four zones
of occupation:
–British, French, U. S., and Soviet
U.S., Great Britain and France
got control of western
________
German. The Soviet Union got
control of _________
eastern Europe
17. The British, French, and Americans set up
what type of government in their zones?
•Free, democratic
government
18. In 1948 what was the Soviet attempt
called to force the three Western powers
to leave the capital city of Germany and
give up their plans for West Germany?
•Berlin blockade
19. Name the relief effort by the United States and
Britain where supplies were flown in by air to West
Berlin during a Soviet obstruction of all routes into
the city.
•Berlin Airlift
20. Finally, in the face of Allied determination
what did the Soviet Union do with its blockade
of Berlin?
• Blockade lifted May 12, 1949
21. Name the alliance of European nations,
Iceland, Canada, and the U.S., that was
formed to provide security against armed
attack.
•North Atlantic Treaty
Organization
22. What was the name for the 1955
alliance of Soviet-dominated countries
of Eastern Europe that were the
counterpart to the western alliance?
•Warsaw Pact
23. What would many of the men and
women who had been serving in the armed
services at the end of the war be searching
for?
•Jobs
24. What 1944 act helped veterans make a
smooth entry into civilian life by providing
money for attending college or advanced
job training?
•G.I. Bill
25. The dramatic rise in the birthrate
following World War II is called?
• The baby boom
26. What happened in April 1945 that Harry S.
Truman became our 33rd president?
• President Roosevelt died
27. Why was Truman at a disadvantage when he took
over as president?
•Unprepared for the
Presidency
28. Name three challenges Truman faced
upon becoming president?
1. Bring end of WWII.
2. Drop the atomic bomb
3. Transition from war to
peace
29. Who were the Democrats who opposed civil rights
and wanted to preserve “the Southern way of life”?
•Dixiecrats
30. What was Truman’s domestic plan for our country
called?
•Fair Deal
31. Name the international organization that
encourages cooperation among nations, seeks to
prevent future wars and became the most visible
symbol of world peace?
•United Nations
32. Where are the headquarters for this
agency?
•New York City
33. Why were the post war years a tense
time in the United States?
•Fear about spread of
communism
34. What two events added greatly to the
nations anxiety?
• The Soviet Union became a
nuclear power
• Communist had gained control of
China
35. Who was the leader of Nationalist
China?
Chiang Kai-shek
36. Where did the leader of Nationalist China
flee?
• Island of Taiwan (Formosa)
37. Who was the leader of Communist
China?
Mao-Zedong
38. Where is Communist China located?
• Located on mainland China
39. Which China did the U. S. support?
• Nationalist China
40. Why was the success of Nationalist
China important to the U.S.?
• Block Soviet expansion
41. Who followed Truman as our 34th president?
• Eisenhower
42. What event aided Eisenhower’s search for
peace in the Korean War?
• The death of Josef Stalin
43. What strategy involves countries getting
to the verge of war without actually going to
war?
•brinkmanship
44. The struggle between the U.S. and the Soviet
Union to develop more powerful weapons,
including the H-bomb is called?
•arms race.
45. What term was coined by Secretary of
State John Foster Dulles and used during the
Cold War to refer to the United States'
willingness to use nuclear force to settle
disputes.
•Massive Retaliation
46. Which president created the C.I.A.?
•Harry Truman
47. What was the purpose of the C.I.A.?
• control communism
• spy and carry on covert operations
48. Who replaced Stalin as the Soviet leader?
•Nikita Khrushchev
49. The right of the United States to help,
upon request, any nation in the Middle East
trying to resist armed Communist
aggression is called?
• Eisenhower Doctrine
50. Name the first (1957) artificial satellite to
orbit around the earth launched by the
Soviets.
• Sputnik
51. Name of the first satellite launched
by the U.S. (1958) in response to the
launch by the Soviet Union?
–Explorer I
52. What agency was created by Eisenhower in
response to the space race between the United
States and the Soviet Union?
• N.A.S.A.
• National Aeronautics and Space Administration
53. In order to provide postwar security in
Korea what temporary agreement did the
allies agree to?
• Divide Korea into
–northern and southern parts
54. What dividing line was used
separating North and South Korea
th
•38
parallel
55. Which country would control
North Korea?
•Soviet Union
56. Which country would be in charge of
South Korea?
•United States
57. What system of government did the
Soviet union establish in North Korea?
•Communist
58. In South Korea, what type of
government did the United States promote?
•Democracy
59. What circumstances led to the
start of the Korean War?
• North Korean troops invaded
South Korea
60. Why was President Truman committed to
helping South Korea?
• Check the spread of communism
• Send a message U.S. would defend
the freedom of small nations.
61. Americans military involvement in
Korea would be as part of whose force?
•United Nations
62. Since Americans involvement in
Korea as never a declared war it was
technically referred to as?
•U.N. Police Action
63. Who was the American commander in
Korea?
• General Douglas MacArthur
64. What did the Korean War accomplish?
• The Korean War settled little in Asia
• Korea remains a divided nation
–South Koreans maintained their
freedom
–UN showed it would send troops when
needed
Lucky Test