Transcript The Cold War

The Cold War
Berlin Wall
FRONT side of notecard
BACK
1. When was it constructed?
1. After WWII
2. The Berlin wall separates the
western democratic nations
from the communist, Soviet
controlled nations
3. The Berlin Wall separated West
Germany from East Germany
4. 1989
5. The date represents the end of
the Cold War and the collapse
of communist Soviet Union
2. Why was it constructed?
3. The Berlin Wall separated what
two nations?
4. When is it taken down?
5. What is the significance of the
date the Berlin Wall comes
down?
Korean Conflict
Front side of notecard
BACK
1. Who fought in the Korean
Conflict?
2. Which side was communist?
Which side was democratic?
3. Why was there a conflict?
4. Which side did the United
States support? China?
5. Why did the United States get
involved?
6. Which side won?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
North Korea and South Korea
North Korea was communist and
South Korea was democratic
The North wanted all of Korea
united under one, communist
country; South Korea did not
want to become communist
The United States supported
South Korea; China supported
North Korea
Policy of Containment
Neither side won: North Korea is
communist and South Korea is
democratic
Vietnam War
Front side of notecard
BACK
1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Which two sides were fighting in
the Vietnam War?
Which side was communist?
Which side was democratic?
Why was there a conflict?
What European nation played an
imperialistic role in Vietnam?
Which side did the United States
support?
Why did the United States get
involved?
Which side won?
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
North Vietnam (under the leadership
of Ho Chi Minh) and South Vietnam
North Vietnam was communist, and
South Vietnam was democratic
North Vietnam wanted South Vietnam
to become one communist country,
and South Vietnam did not want to be
communist
France
The United States fought for South
Vietnam
Policy of Containment
North Vietnam won—the country is
one nation under one ruler and is a
communist country (united country)
Cuban Missile Crisis
FRONT side of notecard
1. What was the ‘crisis’ that
occurred in the Cuban
Missile Crisis?
2. Why was this considered a
crisis?
3. How was the crisis
resolved?
BACK
1. The Soviet Union moved
missiles to communist Cuba
2. The missiles were pointed at
the United States and in
striking range.
3. The United States pulled its
missiles out of Turkey (in
striking range of the Soviet
Union), and the Soviet Union
pulled its missiles out of Cuba
Revolutionary China:
Outcomes of Civil War
China (mainland)
Taiwan (island) or Nationalist
China
• Leader: Mao Tse-tung (Mao
Zedong)
• Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang
Jieshi)
• Communist Government
• Democratic Government
• Supported North Korea in
Korean Conflict
• Continuing conflict between
China (mainland) and Taiwan
• Continuing conflict between
China (mainland) and
Taiwan
Indian Independence Movement
• India is a
sub-contintent
• What does that
mean?
India under
Imperialistic Rule
Who ruled in India
before WWII?
• Britain (British India)
Independence • A major political party in
India
Movement
Indian National
Congress
• Formed to give Indians a
voice against the British
Famous Leader
• Jawaharlal Nehru
Jawaharlal
Nehru
Policy
• Leader of Indian Nation
Congress
• Worked closely with
Ghandi
Independence • Spiritual Leader of Indian
National Congress
Movement
• Used Civil Disobedience
Mohandas
• Used Passive Resistance
Gandhi
Independence • Civil disobedience is the
active refusal to obey
Movement
certain laws, demands and
Civil
commands of a
Disobedience
government, or of an
occupying power, without
resorting to physical
violence.
• Can you provide an
example?
Independence
Movement
Passive
Resistance
Passive Resistance
nonviolent resistance (or
nonviolent action) is the
practice of achieving sociopolitical goals through
symbolic protests, civil
disobedience, economic or
political noncooperation,
and other methods,
without using violence.
Made them become
non-violent country
India
Hindu
• India
Muslim
• Pakistan
(West Pakistan)
• Bangladesh (East Pakistan)
Republic of India
• World’s largest democratic nation
Population Today: 1,129,866,154
• 1950 Constitution tried to prohibit caste
discrimination
• Many individual rights
• Still religious mix, but majority Hindu
• Economic development is making India a
powerful nation today
Sri Lanka
(formerly Ceylon)
Independence Movement in Africa
• After WWII, no more colonies
– Great Britain
– France
– Belgium
– Portugal
– All lost their colonies in Africa
Independence Movements in Africa
•
•
•
•
West Africa
Algeria
Kenya
South Africa
Independence Movements in Africa
• West Africa: peaceful transition
Independence Movements in Africa
• Algeria: War for independence
From France
Independence Movements in Africa
• Kenya: Violent struggle for independence
From Great Britain
Leader for Kenya: Kenyatta
Independence Movements in Africa
South Africa: Struggle against apartheid
Black South Africans fight for
rights
Leader:
Nelson Mandela
1st Black President of South
Africa (1994)
Middle East & Independence
No more mandates in Middle East
Established after WWI by League of Nations
British Mandates
Jordan (was Transjordan)
Palestine (State of Israel, in part, established in
Palestine
French Mandates
Syria
Lebanon
Israel
• Leader: Prime Minister
Golda Meir
• Sought U.S. support
Egypt
• Leader: President
Gamal Abdul Nasser
• Suez Canal back in Egypt’s control
• Established relationship with Soviet Union
• Built Aswan High Dam (with help from Soviets)
Indira Gandhi
• Leader of India
• Built a closer relationship between India and
the Soviet Union
• Developed a nuclear program
Margaret Thatcher
•
•
•
•
Prime Minister of Britain
Supported Free Trade
Did not like government regulation of business
Built a close relationship with the United
States
• Supported U.S. foreign policy
• Asserted United Kingdom’s military power
Mikhail Gorbachev
•
•
•
•
Supported Glasnost
Supported Perestroika
Fall of Berlin Wall
Last president of the Soviet Union
Deng Xiaoping
• Reformed communist economy
• Turned to a market economy (free enterprise)
– Lead to economic growth
• Communist control continued
End of Cold War
•
•
•
•
•
•
Ends in 1989
Berlin Wall is torn down
Break-up of the Soviet Union
Nationalism in Warsaw Pact countries
Soviet Economy Collapses
NATO Expands
Review of Terms
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Yalta Conference
Free Enterprise
Communism
Policy of Containment
Soviet Satellite Nations
Iron Curtain
NATO vs Warsaw Pact
Theory of Deterrence