Transcript Blood Cells and Anemia

Blood Cells and Anemia
Arsalan Yousuf
BS 4th Semester
Anemia means deficiency of hemoglobin in the blood, which
can be caused by either too few red blood cells or too little
hemoglobin in the cells.
ANEMIA TYPES
Hemorhage
Hemolytic
Blood Loss Anemia
After rapid hemorrhage, the body replaces the fluid portion of
the plasma but this leaves a low concentration of red blood
cells.
Microcytic, hypochromic anemia: Red cells are produced that
are much smaller than normal and have too little hemoglobin
inside them.
Aplastic Anemia
Lack of functioning of bone marrow. (exposure to x-ray, gamma
ray radiations, industrial chemicals and drugs)
Megaloblastic Anemia
Loss of nutrients like vitamin B12, folic acid
can lead to slow reproduction of
erythroblasts in the bone marrow. As a
result, the red cells grow too large, with
odd shapes, and are called megaloblasts.
Hemolytic Anemia
The abnormal breakdown of red blood
cells, either in the blood vessels
(intravascular hemolysis) or elsewhere in
the human body (extravascular).
e.g. hereditary spherocytosis, sickle cell
anemia
Polycythemia
Secondary Polycythemia
(red cell count commonly rises to 6 to 7
million/mm3, about 30 per cent above normal)
Hypoxia
Polycythemia Vera (Erythremia)
Caused by a genetic aberration in the
hemocytoblastic cells that produce the blood
cells.
Red blood cell count may be 7 to 8 million/mm3
Erythremia
Effects of Anemia on Function of the Circulatory System
Effects of Polycythemia on Function of the Circulatory System