Transcript Respiratory System

New Zealand Biomed
Presents
AS/NZS 2500 (2004).
A Guide to the Safe Use of Electricity
in Patient Care.
© NZ Biomed 2015
Index
Electrical Safety and Patient Care:
 Part 1: Introduction
 Part 2: Risk Management
 Part 3:
 Part 4:

Part 5: Assessment
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Part 1:Introduction:
As part of your professional
development you are required
to annually refresh yourself
about electrical safety within
your patient’s care.
This brief course meets these
requirements.
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Part 2: Risk Management
 It is your responsibility to
ensure that patients and
colleagues have a safe
electrical working environment.
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© NZ Biomed 2015
Next Topic
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blahs
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Red blood cells have  A biconcave shape
increases the surface
area so more oxygen
can be carried
 No nucleus
for extra space
inside. Contains
haemoglobin, the
oxygen carrying
molecule
Write this in your learning book.
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Function of Haemoglobin
When the blood reaches tissue which has a low
concentration of oxygen the haemoglobin disconnects with
the oxygen releasing it into the body’s tissues, allowing it
to do its work, e.g. tensing a muscle.
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H
Write this in your learning book
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A teenage problem – Pimples
An example of the bodies defence system at work
Pimples
1) Skin infected by blockage
2) Dead skin cells soak up the
oil and bacteria.
3) Bacteria eat and eat and
make a real mess.
4) White blood cells in your
blood arrive to clean up the
mess and stay. White pus
builds up. That makes a
“white head” pimple under
your skin.
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Blood Plasma
A clear liquid part of blood
Plasma transports:
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Soluble food molecules
Waste products
Hormones
Antibodies - fight infection
Heat
Write this in your learning book
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Blood: Revision Movie
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Skip
B
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Human Blood
Can you  Name the composition of Blood ?
 State the function of red and white
blood cells ?
 Describe the purposes of plasma ?
 Explain the function of haemoglobin in
the transport of oxygen ?
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Blood Exercise 1

Write in your workbook the next 2 questions and
work in pairs to answer them, Dated 5 April 2017.
1)
Name the 4 different components of
blood?___________________________
2) What does blood do for us ?
It________________________________
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Blood Exercise 1: Answers
1) What are the 4 different components
of blood?
A) Red blood cells, white blood cells,
platelets, and plasma.
2) What does blood do for our body ?
A) It carries oxygen, warmth, vitamins,
minerals and fights infection with white
cells.
Write this in your learning book
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Blood Exercise Two
Word Association
Carries Food
Carries Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Colour Red
Plasma
Carries Waste
Carries white cells
Carries Platelets
Blood
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Clear Liquid
Carry Warmth
Blood Exercise Two: Answers
Word Association
Carries Food
Carries Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Colour Red
Plasma
Carries Waste
Carries white cells
Carries Platelets
Blood
Clear Liquid
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Carries Warmth
Part Two
The Human Circulatory System
e
What is the Circulatory System ?
Consists of arteries, veins,
capillaries and the heart.
Trachea
Aorta
Pulmonary Artery
Blood transports various substances
from one part of the body to another
by continuous flowing through a
closed system of blood vessels
known as the circulatory system.
Pulmonary Vein
Heart
The blood flow is known as blood
circulation. Blood is moving by
means of an organ known as the
heart, which is a muscular pump that
draws blood in when it relaxes and
pushes it out at great force when it
contracts.
Blood will take 30 seconds to complete
one circulation around the body. 5 litres
of blood is traveling by means of the
circulatory system at any one given point
in time
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Moving Blood
We have 3 ways of circulating blood 1) By Arteries
 Move blood away from the heart
 Carry oxygen therefore are bright
red
 Move blood at high pressure
Write this in your learning book
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Moving Blood
2) By Veins
 Carry blood back to the heart
 Little oxygen and appear blue
N.B. All blood is red.
 Carry blood at low pressure
 Blood travels slowly
 Veins have valves to prevent blood
from going backwards
Write this page in your science book
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Moving Blood
3) By Capillaries
 These are very tiny blood vessels that connect
between the arteries and veins
 They allow the exchange of
materials between the blood
and our cells
 Have very thin walls , 1 cell
thick, allowing materials to pass through them
Write this in your learning book dated 5 April 2017
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Practical Task 1
Object: To observe your body’s blood system
1.
2.
3.
In pairs tie a tourniquet around an arm for 1 minute
Observe the wrist area
Release the tourniquet
Write down the following –
Practical Task One
I tied my arm and we observed the following:
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
Fingers felt_________________________
Because____________________________
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Part Three
The Human Heart
Our Heart is two Pumps
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The Human Heart
To Mouth
To Body
To Lungs
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The Human Heartbeat
Every time the heart
muscle squeezes the
heart it creates a
pressure wave of blood
called the pulse.
The Heart Beating
This happens about 70
times a minute when we
are resting.
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The Human Heart Pulse Rate
-- Feel for your pulse --
We will count the number of heartbeats for
one minute, called our pulse rate.
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Start Timer
Count your pulse rate -
STOP
COUNTING
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The Human Heart – Pulse Rate
In your workbook record your results.
5 April 2017
My RESTING pulse rate is ______ beats
a minute.
My pulse rate is slow
because______________________
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The Human Heart
This time, exercise gently for 1 minute.
In pairs, have one person to time 60
seconds while you count the number of
your heartbeats.
In your workbook add the following 5 April 2017
My EXERSIZING pulse count is ______ beats per minute.
My heart’s pulse rate is faster because my body needs more
__________________to do the _______________
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The Human Circulatory System
Am I fit ? A fit person  Has a lower resting pulse rate.
 Has a lower pulse rate after exercise.
 Has a quicker recovery rate.
Other factors –
 Adrenalin
 Excitement
 Medicines
 Age
2017
Add this to your workbook dated 5 April
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The Human Circulatory System
Draw the heart in your workbook draw, then label. . .
.
Left Atrium
Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left Ventricle
The Heart – View from Rear
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Blood & Circulation: Movie
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Skip
Movie
Circulation: Movie
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Human Heart Disorders
To Do:
 Internet Research. “What heart
problems can occur in humans.”
 Class Time: One Hour
 Remainder as Home Task
 Results in science book
 Due: 3 Days Time
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Heart Disorders
Heart problems can happen due to –
 Diabetes
 Hypertension
 Age
 Gender
 Being overweight
 Smoking
 Diet
Add to your workbook!
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A Heart Disorder Heart “Attack”
An artery
blocks that is
supplying
blood to a
heart muscle.
.
Add to your workbook
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Blood & Circulation:
Heart Attack Movie
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Skip
Movie
Circulation: Movie
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Revision Task
Can You ?
1) Explain the purpose of the heart ?
2) Label the parts of a heart ?
3) Describe the pulse and where to find it. ?
4) Why pulse rate changes ?
5) Explain what can lead to a heart attack?
Write these in your workbook adding your answers
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Part Four
The Respiratory System
The respiratory system
exchanges Oxygen and
Carbon Dioxide between
the air and our blood
Breathing is the process of
getting air in and out of
the lungs.. Breathing is not
respiration.
Add this to your workbook
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The Respiratory System
Gas Exchange Question 1
1) Why do large organisms need specialist
respiration organs ?
A) In small organisms the cells are on the
surface, and make it easier for food
and air to get directly to the cells. In
larger organisms the individual cells
cannot get the things they need
directly – movement, respiration, and
nutrition, and they must co-operate
with other cells.
Write this in your workbook
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The Respiratory System
Gas Exchange Question 2
2) What is Gas Exchange ?
A:
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
Write this in your workbook
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The Respiratory System
Gas Exchange Question 2
2)
What is Gas Exchange?
A:This is the process in
which one gas is exchanged
for another. In the human
body oxygen is inhaled and
carbon dioxide is exhaled.
Write this in your workbook
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The Respiratory System
Gas Exchange Question 4
Q: What Body Parts are involved in Gas
Exchange ?
A : The Nose – Air is breathed in, warmed and
dampened. Air is filtered by the hairs and
mucus.
The Larynx – air passes through the larynx or
voice box, where it may be used to make
sounds.
Write this in your book
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Blood and Circulation
Question four continued The Trachea or windpipe.
Air passes down the windpipe, which is held open
by rings of flexible cartilage.
The Alveoli –
The air eventually reaches the lungs and meets
the alveoli which are like a bunch of tiny
balloons. These are thin walled and have a rich
supply of blood for easy gas exchange.
Write this in your workbook
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Blood and Circulation
Gas Exchange Question 5
4) Why do the lungs need a large supply of blood ?
A ____________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
Write the answer in your workbook
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Blood and Circulation
Gas Exchange Question 4
4) Why do the lungs need a large
supply of blood ?
A A small drop of blood is only able
to contain a limited amount of
oxygen and carbon dioxide,
however the body needs great
amounts of oxygen and blood.
Large amounts of blood need to
be sent to the lungs for the
exchange of carbon dioxide and
oxygen.
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?
The Respiratory System
Gas Exchange Question 5
4) Why do the alveoli need to have
thin walls?
A.
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
Write the answer in your workbook
© NZ Biomed 2015
The Respiratory System
Gas Exchange Question 6
4)
A)
What is the process of us inhaling and exhaling ?
This is the process of GAS EXCHANGE, the first of the
process. Oxygen and air is breathed in when the ribs rise
and move out, and the diaphragm is pushed down. Exhalation
occurs when carbon dioxide is released (breathed out) and
the ribs return to normal and the diaphragm is pushed back
up.
Write the answer in your workbook
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Respiratory System: Movie
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Skip
Movie
Circulation: Movie
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Blood and Circulation Assessment
Assessment Instructions
 Closed book assessment
 Thirty minutes duration.
 Answers only on your task sheet.
 Each question is worth 10 marks.
START
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Skip
Blood and Circulation Assessment
Q1) Name two functions of blood.
Q2) Name the four main components of blood.
Q3) What is the average human resting pulse per minute?
Q4) State what occurs to blood when we cut ourselves.
Q5) Two things that can lead to a heart attack are?
Q6) Draw a diagram of the human heart and label it.
Q7) Why does our pulse rate go up when we exercise?
Q8) Give two functions of plasma?
Q9) Describe the process of Gas Exchange
Q10) Why does our pulse rate increase when we exercise ?
© NZ Biomed 2015
Assessment Answers: Page 1
Q1) Name three functions of blood
A) Carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, heat, waste products,
fights disease, clots.
Q2) Name the four main components of human blood
A) Red cells, white cells, platelets, and plasma
Q3) What is the average human resting pulse per minute?
A ) About 70 beats per minute
© NZ Biomed 2015
Assessment Answers: Page 2
Q4) State what occurs when we cut ourselves
A) Platelets gather and seal the cut, produce
fribrin threads
Q5) Name two factors that can lead to human
heart disease
A) Overweight, smoking, Diabetes, Hypertension,
Age, Gender, Smoking
© NZ Biomed 2015
Assessment Answers: Page 3
Q6) Draw a diagram of the human heart and label it.
Right Atrium
Left Atrium
Right
Ventricle
Left
Ventricle
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Assessment Answers: Page 4
Q7) Why does our pulse rate go up when we exercise?
Muscles require more oxygen so our heart pumps
faster to get it there.
Q8) Give two functions of plasma?
Q9) Describe the process of Gas Exchange
Q10) Why does our pulse rate increase when we exercise ?
© NZ Biomed 2015