Transcript The Body Systems

THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM
The function of the muscular system is movement of the human body. Muscles are
the only part in the body that con contract and relax and so they can move the
other parts of the body. Another function is to give you posture and maintain body
position. This system interacts with the skeletal system. The muscles pull the
bones to let you move.
Fun Fact
• The hardest
working
muscle is in
your eyes.
• The smallest
muscle is in
your ear.
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
The circulatory [also called the cardiovascular] system is made up of the heart, blood
vessels, and blood. The circulatory system all starts at the heart where the oxygen poor
blood goes into the heart through the right atrium and into the lungs. In the lungs it
gets oxygen and becomes oxygen rich blood and goes back to the heart and into the
aorta. Then it goes out through the aorta and into the arteries and gives blood to all
the cells in the body. This system interacts with the respiratory system by giving oxygen
to the blood.
Fun Fact
The arteries
capillaries and
veins in one
human body laid
end to end would
stretch 60,000
miles.
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
The respiratory system is made up of the nasal cavity, lungs, trachea, bronchi, alveoli, and
the diaphragm. The respiratory system function is to bring oxygen in the body and get rid of
carbon dioxide. To do this the diaphragm contracts and the lungs relax to let oxygen in
through the nasal cavity down the trachea. Then the trachea splits two way one to the left
lung and on to the other then the oxygen travels through the bronchi to the very tips [which is
only as big as a hair on your head] and into the alveoli. At the ends of the alveoli there are
capillaries where the oxygen trades places with the carbon dioxide and into the blood
vessels. This system interacts with the circulatory system to transport oxygenated blood to
your body cells.
Fun Fact
Sometimes our diaphragm
gets irritated and it causes
an involuntary movement
like a spasm and pushes air
out of your mouth. We call
this a hiccup!
THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
The function of the skeletal system is movement,
protecting of organs, structure, and the production of
blood cells. The main parts in this system are bones,
ligaments, tendons, bone marrow, and cartilage. Muscles
interact with the bones because the muscles pull the
bone so you can move.
Fun Fact
Like our skin, the human body's
bones are also constantly worn
down and re-made, to the point
where every 7 years we essentially
have a new bone.
THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
The function of the digestive system is to turn the food you eat into
nutrients, which the body uses for energy. To do this first you need to
eat, when the food is in your mouth it is dampened by the salivary
glands and chewed up by your teeth. Then the tongue pushes it to your
throat and muscles take it down the esophagus and into the stomach.
Acids churn the food until the food is a liquid paste then it moves into
the small intestine to be churned some more and takes the nutrients
out and into the blood stream. Finally the pasty substance goes
through the large intestine, turns into waste and exits through your
anus.
Fun Fact
We make 1 to 3 pints of saliva a
day, and in our life will make 2
swimming pools worth of saliva.
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
The nervous system is basically a complex electrical wiring structure made up of nerves and cells
called neurons that transmit signals throughout the body. Nerves are bundles of fibers that start
at the brain and branch out to all the other parts of the body. The brain has many parts to the
brain but here are the main ones, the cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem, and hypothalamus. The
cerebrum is the thinking part of the brain it controls the voluntary muscles. Next is the
cerebellum. It controls balance, movement, and coordination [how your muscles work together].
Next is the brain stem. It connects the brain to the spinal cord and it keeps your body alive by
breathing , digesting food and circulating blood. Last but not least is the hypothalamus. It controls
temperature so if you’re really hot your hypothalamus will tell your pores to sweat.
Fun Fact
There are more nerve cells in
the human brain than there
are stars in the Milky Way.
RESOURCES
•
Nervous System: Facts, Function and Diseases. Live Science. [cited February 13,
2015]. Available from: http://www.livescience.com/22665-nervous-system.html
•
Respiratory System: Facts, Function and Diseases. Live Science. [cited February 13,
2015]. Available from: http://www.livescience.com/22616-respiratory-system.html
•
Circulatory System: Facts, Function and Diseases. Live Science. [cited February 13,
2015]. Available from: http://www.livescience.com/22486-circulatory-system.html
•
Digestive System: Facts, Function and Diseases. Live Science. [cited February 13,
2015]. Available from: http://www.livescience.com/22367-digestive-system.html
•
Muscular System: Facts, Function and Diseases. Live Science. [cited February 13,
2015]. Available from: http://www.livescience.com/26854-muscular-system-factsfunctions-diseases.html
•
Skeletal System: Facts, Function and Diseases. Live Science. [cited February 13, 2015].
Available from: http://www.livescience.com/22537-skeletal-system.html