Transcript Human Body Systems Review

Put
this list in order:
ORGAN, ORGANELLE, TISSUE, CELL,
ORGANISM, ORGAN SYSTEM
ORGANELLE, CELL, TISSUE, ORGAN,
ORGAN SYSTEM, ORGANISM
Structures, Functions, and Interactions
Structures: bones, cartilage, joints, marrow
Functions: provides shape and support,
enables you to move, protects your
internal organs
Interactions: bones make your red blood
cells (cardiovascular).
 An
adult has 206 bones and a baby has
over 300 bones!
 The
strongest stuff in your body isn’t
bone…it’s tooth enamel!
 Bone
is stronger than concrete!
Structures: skeletal muscle, smooth muscle,
and cardiac muscle
Functions: Involuntary muscles are
responsible for activities such as
breathing and digesting food; Voluntary
muscles are under your control
Interactions: All systems b/c all of your
organs are made of muscle
 Your
body has about 650 muscles!
 The
strongest muscle in your body is the
biting muscle in your jaw!
 The
biggest muscle in your body is your
gluteus maximus…your rear end!
(You have two of these, one for each leg)
Structures: brain, spinal column,
nerves.
Functions: detects & interprets info from
inside and outside the body; control
center
Interactions: Tells muscles to contract
(voluntary), tells heart to pump
(involuntary)
 Each
neuron can transmit up to 1,000
signals each second!
 The
biggest part of your brain is your
forebrain. It includes your cerebrum…
This lets you think, imagine, plan, learn,
remember, speak, understand language, and
do all the other things you do!
Organs: glands such as hypothalamus,
thyroid, ovaries, testes
Functions: Controls body functions by
using chemicals from glands
Interactions: Sends growth hormones to
skeletal system, releases adrenaline into
the blood stream to stimulate the muscles
into action.
1.
2.
3.
4.
smooth and _________
cardiac
The _______
muscles are
involuntary muscles while the
skeletal
___________
muscle is voluntary.
skeletal
The ___________
system is responsible
for making red blood cells.
Adrenaline is produced by the
endocrine
_________________
system.
nervous
The ______________system
is the control
center for the body.
Structures: Mouth, esophagus, liver, stomach,
gallbladder, pancreas, large intestines, small
intestines, rectum
Function: breaks down food into molecules the
body can use, and eliminates waste
Interactions: Uses the circulatory system to take
food to the individual cells, forms the end of the
excretory system to expel solid waste.
 If
you got pure stomach acid on your skin,
it would hurt. Your stomach has a lining
of mucous on the inside to protect itself
from the acid.
 It takes about 24 hours from eating to
eliminating solid waste from the body.
 Some animals — including seahorses,
lungfishes and platypuses — have no
stomach. Their food goes from the
esophagus straight to the intestines.
1.
2.
3.
Story is written from the perspective of
a cheeseburger. (5 points)
Story describes in detail what happens
in each of the following organs: Mouth,
pharynx, esophogous, stomach, small
intestines, and large intestines. (5 points
each organ)
Story also mentions the functions of the
liver, pancreas, and gallbladder. (5
points each)
•
Use your directed reading to answer the
following:
1. Give an example of mechanical digestion.
2. What is the job of the esophagus?
3. Where does chyme go when it leaves the
stomach?
4. Why is the small intestine called “small”?
Organs: Tonsil, Spleen, Thymus, Lymph
Nodes
Function: returns leaked fluids to blood
vessels and helps get rid of bacteria and
viruses.
Interactions: White blood cells made in the
bones grow into T cells in the thymus.
Organs: Skin, Hair, Nails
Functions: Protects, keeps water in, foreign
particles out, allows you touch, regulates
temperature, gets rid of wastes
Interactions: Works with the nervous
system to keep you aware of your
surroundings.
Structures: Large Intestines, rectum, anus
Functions: Material that cannot be
absorbed into the blood stream is
compacted in the large intestines for
elimination.
Interactions: The large intestine absorbs
water into the cardiovascular system for
use throughout the body.
Structures: kidney, urinary bladder, urethra
Functions: Blood is filtered through the
kidneys to remove cell/body waste.
Waste is stored in the bladder and
eliminated as urine.
Interactions: Cleans waste from the
circulatory system.
Structures: Nose, Lungs, Wind Pipe
Function: Moves oxygen into the body
and removes carbon dioxide and water
from the body.
Interactions: Circulatory system carries
oxygen to the cells and carbon dioxide
away.
Structures: Heart, blood vessels
Functions: Heart pumps blood through all
blood vessels.
Interactions: Highway system of the body,
carries food (digestive) and oxygen
(respiratory) to the cells and carries waste
away.
Structures: Testes, ovaries, and uterus
Function: Create a new living individual
Interactions: The endocrine system
regulates the hormones necessary for
sexual maturity and reproduction.