Transcript Respiratory System

Respiratory System
Sports Training and Physiology
Kociuba
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Respiratory System - Objectives
• State the functions of the respiratory
system
• Describe the anatomy of the system
• Explain how the gas exchange is possible
and how the parts work together for it
• Discuss effects of training on the lungs
• Review how aging changes the system
Functions of the Respiratory
System
• Gas exchange
– Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange
• Regulation of blood pH
– It alters the pH by the amount of carbon
dioxide found in the blood
• Voice production
– Air movement past the vocal folds creates
sound and makes speech possible
Functions of the Respiratory
System
• Olfaction (smelling)
– When we breathe in through our nose, our
sense of smell occurs
• Protection
– Prevents some micro organisms from entering
the body and removes them from respiratory
surfaces
Anatomy
• Upper Respiratory
– Nose: physically seen
– Nasal Cavity: back
cavity found in your
face
– Pharynx: passage way
shared by the
digestive and
respiratory system
• Lower Respiratory
– Larynx: anterior part of
the throat meets the
trachea
– Trachea: (aka)
windpipe
– Bronchi: 2 smaller
tubes of the trachea
that branch into each
lung
Anatomy
Anatomy
• Lungs
– Main organs of
respiration
– Right lung has 3 lobes
• Superior
• Middle
• Inferior
– Left lung has 2 lobes
• Superior
• Inferior
Lungs
• In the lungs there are
broncho-pulmonary
segments
–
–
–
–
Lobar (secondary)
Segmental (tertiary)
Bronchioles
Terminal Bronchioles
Anatomy
• The terminal
bronchioles
breakdown even
further into respiratory
bronchioles then
alveoli
• Alveoli is where gas
exchange happens
into the capillaries
Exercise and the Respiratory
System
• Respiration increases
abruptly when
exercise first begins
• As exercise
continues, respiration
then increases more
gradually until the
anaerobic threshold is
reached
Aging and the Respiratory System
• All aspects are effected by aging
• Mucus accumulates and becomes thick in
the system making it harder to clear
• Maximal intake decreases because the
alveoli and bronchioles become larger
creating more dead space in the lungs
– This also creates dead space for gas
exchange in the alveoli and less oxygen is
getting through