Transcript REVIEW 7R Circulatory & Respiratory Systems 1. Which part of the

REVIEW
7R
Circulatory & Respiratory
Systems
1. Which part of the human blood:
a. is the most numerous?
rbc’s
wbc’s
b. contains a nucleus?
c. is produced in the bone marrow?
rbc’s, wbc’s, platelets
d. consists mainly of water? plasma
white
blood cell
Y
red blood cell
2. Identify structures X, Y, and Z.
Z
platelet
3. Explain the difference between
arteries and veins.
•Arteries carry blood AWAY from heart. Veins carry
blood to the heart.
•Arteries are larger, more muscular and elastic than
veins.
•Arteries carry blood under higher pressure than
veins.
•Veins have valves to prevent the backflow of blood.
Arteries do not have valves.
4. Explain what occurs in capillaries and
why.
The exchange or diffusion of substances into or out
of the capillary.
Capillaries are extremely small and have a VERY thin
lining that allows for diffusion to occur.
5. Identify the structures below.
artery
aorta
Upper
vena cava
left
atrium
vein
right
atrium
left
ventricle
right ventricle
6. When blood passes
through the heart
from the left atrium
(D) to the left
ventricle (E), it must
first pass through a
valve
7. Describe the function of plasma.
•Transports materials (blood cells, hormones,
wastes…)
8. Describe the function and shape of red
blood cells.
•Disc shaped, no nucleus, carries oxygen &
carbon dioxide
9. What do red blood cells contain?
• Hemoglobin (red protein that allows them to
carry oxygen)
10. Identify the part of blood being
described.
a. Most numerous blood cell.
• Red blood cells
b. Carries many materials such as blood cells
and hormones.
• plasma
c. Involved in blood clotting.
• platelets
d. Carries oxygen.
• Red blood cells
10. Identify the part of blood being
described.
e. Largest blood cell.
• White blood cells
f. Made up of 90% water.
• plasma
g. Involved in blood clotting.
• platelets
h. Protect the body against disease.
• White blood cells
11. What component of blood is
important in healing wounds on the
skin?
a. red blood cells
b. urea
c. platelets
d. white blood cells
19. Which statement best describes the activities of the parts of
12 the blood shown in the diagram below?
A
B
C
a.
b.
c.
d.
A and B kill germs, and C carries oxygen.
A, B, and C produce hemoglobin.
B and C kill germs, and A carries nutrients.
A carries oxygen, B starts clotting, and C
kills germs.
1320. What part of the blood carries minerals, vitamins, sugar, and
other foods to the body's cells?
a. plasma b. red blood cells c. white blood cells d. platelets
1421. What would happen to people who have an open wound and
whose blood did not clot naturally?
a. Nothing. Clotting is not important.
b. They would have to take special clotting drugs.
c. They would bleed to death.
d. They would need a transfusion of plasma.
15. Identify the blood vessels
below:
Capillaries
Arteries
Veins
16. Identify the blood vessel described.
a. Carry blood towards the heart.
• veins
b. Thickest blood vessel.
• arteries
c. Where the diffusion of substances occurs.
• capillaries
d. Contain valves.
• veins
16. Identify the blood vessel described.
e. Blood vessel used when measuring pulse rate.
• arteries
f. Thinnest blood vessel
• capillaries
g. Blood flows through with a lot of pressure.
• arteries
h. Very elastic.
• arteries
17. Explain the function of the circulatory system.
•Transport materials through the body
18. Describe the four chambers of the heart.
•right atrium & right ventricle – pump deoxygenated
blood from cells to lungs
•Left atrium & left ventricle – pump oxygenated blood
from lungs to cells
19. Explain the importance of valves in the heart.
•Prevent blood from moving backwards
20. Why is the septum so important?
•Prevents blood in right and left sides from mixing
21. Where is deoxygenated blood pumped to?
• The lungs
22. Where is oxygenated blood pumped to?
• To body cells
23.Identify the part of the heart being
described.
a. Chamber that receives oxygenated blood.
• Left atrium
b. Wall that separates the right and left side
of the heart.
• septum
c. Chamber that pumps out deoxygenated
blood.
• Right ventricle
24
upper vena cava
aorta
artery
vein
artery
artery
vein
Left ventricle
Right ventricle
Lower vena cava
25. Which is the correct sequence for the
path of oxygen through the respiratory
system?
Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
26. The tubes that branch from the trachea are the
bronchi
27. The dome shaped muscle below the chest cavity is
called the
diaphragm
28. During swallowing, the air passage of the pharynx
is covered by the epiglottis
29. Alveoli in the lungs are connected to the bronchi
by a network of tiny tubes called
bronchioles
30. Explain what happens to gases
during gas exchange in the alveoli.
Oxygen in alveoli diffuses into
capillaries (blood).
Carbon dioxide in capillaries (blood)
diffuses into alveoli.
31. Where are the vocal cords located in the body?
larynx
32.What prevents the trachea from collapsing?
rings of cartilage
33. Where does the actual exchange of gases occur?
alveoli
34. During gas exchange where does the oxygen and
carbon dioxide go?
O2 diffuses into capillaries. CO2 diffuses out
of capillaries and into alveoli.
trachea
35. The ______
is a long
straight tube that carries
air from the back of the
throat to the lungs.
36. What structures trap foreign
particles and bacteria in the
nose and trachea?
a) pharynx
b) epiglottis
c) cilia
d) trachea
37. The order of air movement with
in the lungs is best described as
a) bronchioles to bronchi to
alveoli
b) bronchi to bronchioles to alveoli
c) trachea to bronchi to alveoli
d) bronchi to alveoli to bronchioles
38. Where are the vocal
cords located in the
body?
Larynx
39. During swallowing, the air passage
of the pharynx is covered by the
epiglottis
40. The FIRST branches off the
trachea are called
bronchi
41. What prevents the trachea
from collapsing?
rings of cartilage
42. Alveoli in the lungs are connected
to the bronchi by a network of tiny
tubes called
a) arterioles
b) venules
c) capillaries
d) bronchioles
43. Inside the alveoli, carbon dioxide
and oxygen
a) are transported along microscopic
tubules
b) are exchanged between air and
blood
c) are produced inside cells
d) are exchanged for other gases
44. Humans breathe more rapidly
during exercise than before it
because during exercise the blood
contains
1.an increased level of oxygen
2.a decreased number of red blood
cells
3.an increased level of carbon dioxide
4.a decreased amount of hemoglobin
45. What happens to each of the
following during inhalation?
a. Diaphragm
b. Rib cage
contacts (pulls down)
expands
c. Pressure in chest cavity
decreases
46. What happens to each of the
following during exhalation?
a. Diaphragm
relaxes (moves up)
b. Rib cage
relaxes
c. Pressure in chest cavity
increases
circulatory
It came from the lungs.
Oxygen moves from the alveoli (respiratory system)
into the capillaries (circulatory) while carbon dioxide
moves from the capillaries into the alveoli.