Transcript Body Systems

Body Systems
and how they work together
There are 10 body systems:
• Skeletal
• Muscular
• Digestive
• Respiratory
• Circulatory
• Endocrine
• Immune
• Excretory
• Reproductive
• Nervous
The Skeletal System
•The skeletal system is made up of 206 bones.
•The purpose of the skeletal system is to give
our body shape and support and to protect
our vital organs. (Ex: our brain is protected by
our skull, our heart and lungs are protected by
our ribcage and sternum)
•Your skeletal system is separated into 2
sections: axial and appendicular
• The axial skeleton consists of bones that
protect vital organs such as: skull, ribcage,
sternum, vertebral column
•The appendicular skeleton consists of bones
that connect appendages to your axial
skeleton such as: arm bones (humerus,
radius, ulna) and leg bones (femur, tibia, and
fibula)
*Inside of our bones is bone marrow, which is
responsible for making red blood cells*
The Skeletal System
The Muscular System
•There are over 650 individual
muscles that are attached to our
skeletal system.
•The main job for the muscular
system is to provide movement for
our bodies.
•Our bodies are made up of 2
different types of muscles:
Voluntary and Involuntary
muscles
•Voluntary muscles are muscles
we can control . Also called
skeletal muscles they include
biceps, triceps, quadriceps, etc…
•Involuntary muscles are muscles
that we cannot control. They are
controlled by our nervous system
and hormones. (Ex: cardiac
muscle, smooth muscle, etc)
The Muscular System
The Digestive System
• Our digestive system’s main job is to break down the food we eat into parts that are
so tiny that the useful pieces can be absorbed into our bloodstream and sent
throughout our bodies and get rid of any leftover parts of the food that our bodies
cannot use.
• The digestive system is made up of the following organs: esophagus, stomach,
liver, gall bladder, pancreas, small intestine, and large intestine.
• The stomach, liver, gall bladder, and pancreas are all responsible for hitting the
food we eat with chemicals that break it down into tiny pieces that our bodies can
use.
• The stomach produces gastric juices such as hydrochloric acid and enzymes that
break food down for 3-4 hrs into a creamy liquid.
• The pancreas and liver produce chemicals that separate fats, carbohydrates, and
proteins from food for our body’s use.
• The small intestine is where the “food” actually passes into the bloodstream after
it has been broken down by chemicals. Whatever the body cannot use is passed
into the large intestine and eventually exits the body.
**Your small and large intestine together are over 22 feet long!**
The Digestive System
The Nervous System
•The nervous system is made up of your
brain, spinal chord, and nerves. The
nervous system is known as the body’s
control system.
•The nervous system sends, receives,
and processes impulses that are sent
throughout your body that tell your
muscles and organs what to do.
•There are 2 main parts of the nervous
system:
•The central nervous system is
composed of your brain and spinal chord.
•The peripheral nervous system includes
all of the nerves that transmit messages
from your brain and spinal cord to your
muscles, organs, and glands.
The Nervous System
Respiratory System
•The respiratory system is
responsible for bringing air into
the body and for removing carbon
dioxide.
•The respiratory system is
composed of the nose, trachea,
and lungs.
•The trachea branches into the
bronchial tubes, then to
bronchioles, and then into the air
sacs. Oxygen passes through the
walls of the air sacs and into the
bloodstream.
The Respiratory System
The Circulatory System
•The circulatory system is the
body’s transport system. It is
made up of a group of organs that
transport blood throughout the
body.
•The circulatory system is
composed of the heart, arteries,
veins, blood vessels, and
capillaries.
•Capillaries deliver oxygen and
nutrients to the body’s cells and
removes carbon dioxide, water,
and waste.
The Circulatory System
The Endocrine and Immune Systems
•The endocrine system is made up of a group of glands that produce hormones that
control metabolism, growth, and sexual development.
•The immune system is our body’s defense system against infections and diseases
that come from viruses and bacteria.
The Immune System
How do our body systems work together?
• Here are a few examples of how body systems work together to do
certain bodily functions:
• skeletal & muscular- provide movement and support.
• digestive & circulatory- digestive system breaks down large
molecules into small molecules to enter the cell. circulatory system
carries small molecules to the cell.
• muscular & nervous- helps you move around and interact with the
environment.
• nervous & endocrine- control coordination of many of the body's
activities; respond to and send messages to cells throughout the
body.
• circulatory & respiratory- exchange gases between body cells and
the environment.
• excretory & circulatory- circulatory brings blood to the excretory
system to be cleaned and filtered.
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