Transcript File - Science with Ms. Friess

Cells
Osmosis +
Diffusion
Respiratory
10
Digestive
Circulatory
System
Grab Bag
10
10
10
10
20
20
20
20
20
30
30
30
30
30
40
40
40
40
40
50
50
50
50
50
Cells
Osmosis + Diffusion -10
A Cell Membrane is a thin outer layer
surrounding a cell and can be described
as:
• A) Impermeable
• B) Selectively-Permeable
• C) Permeable to everything
Cells
Osmosis + Diffusion -10
A) Selectively-Permeable
Also Know as Semi-Permeable
• This means that the membrane is able to
let certain wanted substances in to the cell
(nutrients, water, and oxygen) and block
other substances from coming in to the
cell.
Cells
Osmosis + Diffusion -20
• Choose 3 Cell Organelles from the
following list, describe, and explain the
function
» Nucleus
Golgi
» Cytoplasm
Lysosome
» Mitochondria
Vacuole
» Ribosome
» Endoplasmic Reticulum
Cells
Osmosis + Diffusion - 20
Cells
Osmosis + Diffusion - 30
• Explain Diffusion with an example
Cells
Osmosis + Diffusion - 30
• The movement of particles or molecules
from an area of high concentration to an
area of lower concentration
• Ex. Hairspray particles spreading
through a room
• Ex. Food dye diffusing through water
Cells
Osmosis + Diffusion - 40
• Explain the word equilibrium and
how it applies to osmosis and
diffusion
• Draw an image that displays or
shows an equilibrium condition
Cells
Osmosis + Diffusion - 40
• Equilibrium is a state of balance
• It is when molecules are evenly spaced
or distributed throughout a space
Cells
Osmosis + Diffusion -50
Which side has a HIGHER
CONCENTRATION of Water?
Which direction
will the water
particles move if
the dotted line
down the center
represents a
membrane
permeable to
water?
Cells
Osmosis + Diffusion - 50
• The right side has a higher water
concentration
• Water would move from right to
left…. The water level on the right
would go down to balance the
solution on the other side
Respiratory System- 10
• What is the main point of the
respiratory system?
• What important function does
it serve?
Respiratory System- 10
• We have a respiratory system to breath
• We require OXYGEN to feed our cells…
we also need to get rid of Carbon
Dioxide Gas
• The respiratory system is designed to
exchange these gases in our lungs
Respiratory System - 20
• Does your respiratory system
have any methods to protect
itself from unwanted dust
particles from being taken in
to your lungs?
Respiratory System- 20
- Nose Hair (Cilia)
- Cilia lining your trachea
- Mucous lining your nasal cavity,
throat, and windpipe
Respiratory System- 30
• What is the scientific name for the
windpipe of the respiratory system?
• How is this tube structurally
different than the food tube?
Respiratory System- 30
Trachea is
strong and
made up of
cartilage
This is so that
the change in air
pressure when
we breathe
doesn’t cause
the tube to
collapse
TRACHEA
Respiratory System- 40
• Explain the following picture… What is
happening here and what are these structures
called?
Respiratory System- 40
• ALVEOLI (microscopic air sacs in the lungs)
• They are covered with tiny capillaries (blood
vessels) and this is where gas exchange
happens
• Oxygen diffuses into the bloodstream and
CO2 diffuses back into the alveoli and is
exhaled
Respiratory System- 50
• There is an analogy that the
Respiratory System can be compared
to an tree flipped upside down
Explain the analogy.
What would the tree
trunk, the largest
branches, the smaller
branches, and the twigs
with leaves would
represent within the
respiratory system….
Respiratory System- 50
Trunk ---- Trachea
(Windpipe)
2 Largest Branches ----Right and Left Bronchus
Smaller Branches ----Bronchioles
Twigs (Leaves) ----Alveoli (air sacs)
Digestive System-10
• What types of Digestion happen in
the mouth
• Explain two different types of
digestion and give an example of
how this works…
Digestive System-10
• Mechanical Digestion (Physical
Breakdown) --- teeth physically breaking
food into smaller pieces
• Chemical Breakdown (Chemical
Reactions) --- Saliva contains Enzymes
which begin digesting food
Digestive System- 20
• Identify the
parts of the
digestive
system based
on the
diagram
Digestive System- 20
• Esophagus
• Stomach
• Small Intestine
Digestive System - 30
Other than stomach acid… how
does the stomach contribute to
digestion?
Digestive System- 30
• Acid + Enzymes (chemical helpers)
create Gastric Juice
• Stomach muscles fold, unfold,
“churn” and rotate food around
Digestive System- 40
• Explain what peristalsis is and
how it contributes to digestion
or the digestive process
Digestive System- 40
• Peristalsis is a series of wave-like
muscle contractions that moves food
to different processing stations in the
digestive tract. The process of
peristalsis begins in the esophagus
when food is swallowed.
Digestive System- 50
• Small Intestine vs. Large Intestine.
• What are the major differences? Which
comes first in the digest tract? What are the
differences in function? What are the
structural differences?
Digestive System- 50
Small Intestine: Very thin… extremely long (3
times the height of your body)
This is where nutrients are absorbed into the
bloodstream
Large Intestine: Three times as thick as the small
intestine. Much shorter.
This is where liquids and water are reabsorbed
Circulatory System - 10
• How many chambers are in
the heart and what are they
all called?
Circulatory System - 10
4 Chambers in the Heart
Circulatory System - 20
How many valves are in the heart?
What is the purpose of valves?
Circulatory System - 20
4 Valves
• Valves prevent blood from flowing
backwards or in the wrong
direction. They act as one way only
“trapdoors”
Circulatory System - 30
What direction does blood travel
when it is in Veins?
What direction does blood travel
when it is in Arteries?
Circulatory System - 30
Veins carry blood back TOWARDS the
heart
Arteries carry blood AWAY from the
heart
Circulatory System - 40
• What are the 4 Components of
Blood and what does each
component do?
Circulatory System - 40
Component of Blood
Function
Percentage
Red Blood Cells
Carry oxygen and
nutrients through
bloodstream
Attack germs and
fight disease
Liquid portion of
blood
Clot blood and heal
wounds or
damaged vessels
44%
White Blood Cells
Plasma
Platelets
0.5%
55%
0.5%
Circulatory System - 50
• Explain the difference between “Red Blood”
and “Blue Blood”
• Where would you find Red Blood and where
would you find Blue Blood both in the heart
and in the vessels.
• Are there any exceptions?
Circulatory System - 50
Red Blood – Oxygenated
Blue Blood – Deoxygenated
Red Blood – LEFT SIDE of
HEART
Blue Blood – RIGHT SIDE
of HEART
Blue (Veins… most of time)
Red (Arteries… most of
time)
* Exception * Pulmonary Artery and Vein
Grab Bag - 10
• What are the 6 Essential Nutrients
that all food can break down into
• These 6 things are the simple and
smallest molecular nutrients
Grab Bag – 10
Protein
Fats
Carbohydrates
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
Grab Bag - 20
What is the name of the
LARGEST and STRONGEST
Artery in the Body?
Where can it be found?
Grab Bag – 20
Aorta
The aorta takes blood from the Left
Ventricle, directs it out of the heart…
and toward all cells of the body
Grab Bag - 30
• When Blood is returning from the cells of the
body it comes back through a network of
veins.
• These veins grow larger and larger toward
the heart. What are the names of the largest
veins that attach to the right atrium of the
heart
Grab Bag – 30
•Superior Vena Cava
•Inferior Vena Cava
Grab Bag - 40
Label
Number
3.
4.
5.
10.
Grab Bag – 40
• 3. Arm
• 4. Course Focusing
Lens
• 5. Fine Focusing Lens
• 10. Stage
Grab Bag - 50
• Explain how body systems are interconnected
or interdependent (how do they rely on each
other)?
Grab Bag – 50
Blood Connects Digestive, Respiratory, Circulatory
• Blood absorbs Nutrients in Digestive System
• *Blood picks up oxygen and drops of carbon dioxide in
Respiratory system
• *Blood circulates body in Circulatory system
Heart and Lungs Depend on each other
• Heart pumps blood to lungs to be reoxygenated
• Systems need one another!