Transcript Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

Circulatory and Respiratory
Systems
•Function of the Circulatory System
•Parts of the Circulatory System
•Function of the Respiratory System
•Parts of the Respiratory System.
I: Circulatory System Function
A: The primary function of the circulatory system is
transportation of…
Nutrients
Wastes
Other stuff
•Cells need
oxygen, and food
molecules to
make NRG
•Making energy
also produces
waste in the cell
that must be
removed
•Heat: Homeostasis
•Hormones: Cell
communications
•Specialized cells:
Fight infections
•Enzymes: Speed up
chem rxns
B: Types of circulatory Systems
• Open Circulatory system:
– “Blood” is pumped into open spaces (Sinuses) and nutrients,
wastes, and other stuff are absorbed by the tissue that surrounds the
open space.
– Common in Arthropods (grass hoppers) Mollusks (clams) and
other lower order animals
Sinus
Continued…
• Closed Circulatory
system:
– Blood travels in a system of
tubes around the body and
nutrients, waste and other
stuff are absorbed by near
by tissue.
– Common in Vertebrates
(you) and other higher order
animals
II: Parts of the circulatory system
• The Pathway through the
heart
• Vena cava
• Right Atrium
• Right AtrioVentricular
(AV)valve
• Right ventricle
• Pulmonary artery
• Lungs (for oxygen)
• Pulmonary vein
• Left atrium
• Left AV valve
Animation:
• Left ventricle
flow through the heart
• Aorta
• To the capillaries in body tissue
A: Blood
• A: 4 parts of Blood
– Solids:
• Red Blood Cells
• White Blood Cells
• Platelets
– Liquid:
• Plasma: Nutrients and
waste dissolved in
water
B: Red Blood Cells
Sickle cell
Normal RBC
• Also Called Erythrocytes (RBC = Red Blood Cell)
– Produced in Bone marrow
– 1 drop of blood = 5 million RBC
• No Nucleus, Full of a protein = hemoglobin, 250 million
molecules of hemoglobin in each RBC
– Hemoglobin: Binds to oxygen molecules and delivers oxygen to body cells
– Oxygen used for respiration: C6H12O6 + O2NRG
• Ave life span of a RBC = 110 days
C: White Blood Cells
• Also Called Leukocytes
(WBC)
• Responsible for fighting
infection
– 1 drop of blood = 400011,000 WBC
– Numbers increase when
fighting infection
– Different types of WBC
have different jobs when
fighting infection
White Blood
cell hunting
bacteria
D: Platelets
Platelets release “fibers” that
trap RBC’s and stop
bleeding
RBC
WBC
Platelet
• Made in the bone marrow
• 1 Drop of blood =350,000 platelets
• Cell Fragments responsible for blood clotting
E: Plasma
Anything that is not one of the solid parts of blood gets
transported in the plasma.
Waste: produced
by cells
Hormones: for
communication
Dissolved
Nutrients: for cell
energy
F: Blood Vessels
• Blood vessels are named
for the direction of blood
flow related to the heart.
• Arteries take blood Away
from the heart, Veins take
blood to the heart
• There are some structure
differences
Artery
Vein
Continued…Structure differences
• Artery walls are thicker then the walls of veins.
– Blood in arteries is under higher pressure.
• Veins have more valves.
– Prevents blood from flowing backwards when working against
gravity.
Cardiovascular disease
• Athleriosclerosis =
plaque build up restricts
blood flow
• Arteriosclerosis = plaque
build up hardens and
vessels loose flexibility
• Heart attack/Stroke =
blood clot in vessels that
supply blood to heart or
brain (stroke)
G: Capillaries
• Small blood vessels
that make diffusion of
nutrients, waste, and
other stuff much
easier.
• Animation
http://www.innerbody.
com/anim/blood.html
Burst capillary leaking RBC
Respiratory system
• 2 Functions
– Bring Oxygen into the body
– Remove Carbon Dioxide from the body
The Pathway
Bronchioles:
Branchings of the
trachea
Lungs: Homes of
Alveoli (Sight of
gas exchange)
Nose: Bring
Oxygen into the
body and remove
Carbon dioxide
Trachea: Ridged
tube leading to
lungs
Animation:
Transport in the lungs
I: In the lungs
1: You breath in and
fill Alveoli with
Oxygen.
2: Oxygen diffuses
into blood from
alveoli, CO2 diffuses
out of blood into
Alveoli.
3: Oxygen rich blood
returns to heart, you
breath out CO2
*Your lungs never fill with blood*
Thursday’s Homework
Concept map the following list of terms
Blood
Respiratory system
plasma
RBC
Villi
Lungs
Alveoli
Heart
Nutrients
Circulatory system
Waste
Trachea
Capillary
Digestive system
Platelets
Small Intestine
Diffusion
Carbon Dioxide
Oxygen
Enzymes