Transcript Circulatory System

Heart-y
Facts
It takes about 20 seconds for
blood to travel through your
body… heart to heart.
1 minute = 75-85 heart beats
In one day, one
drop of blood
travels 12,000
miles!
Girls hearts beat
faster than boys
Blood is about 78%
water
You have 5.6 Liters
of Blood in your
body!
Circulatory System
Why didn’t the skeleton want to go school?
Because his heart
wasn’t in it….
• The circulatory system is in charge of
moving nutrients, gases and wastes to and
from cells.
• This system helps maintain homeostasis
by stabilizing body temperature and pH.
Three Types of Circulation
1. No Circulation
2. Open Circulation
3. Closed Circulation
No Circulation
• The body system is so basic that every
cell is able to obtain nutrients, water and
oxygen without the need of a transport
system.
Example: Organisms such as – flatworms
Open Circulation
• Blood flows freely in the body cavity
• Blood is NOT contained in vessels.
Examples: Simple organisms such as –
Molluscs (clams) and Arthropods (insects)
Closed Circulation
• Blood is always contained in vessels or
the heart.
Examples: Organisms such as – humans and
ALL vertebrates (have vertebrae or backbone)
Transportation
• Think of your circulatory system like an
extensive system of trains . . . they pick up
packages and drop them off at another
place.
Transportation
• The circulatory
system picks up
wastes like carbon
dioxide and drops
off nutrients and
oxygen.
Your vessels make up the “tracks” that
your blood or “train” flows along.
Blood delivers…
• …Oxygen to all cells.
• …Food to all cells.
• …Wastes to the kidneys.
• …Carbon dioxide to the lungs.
Components of Blood
•
Red Blood
Cells (RBC)
•
White Blood
Cells (WBC)
•
Platelets
•
Plasma
Red Blood Cells
•
•
•
•
Transport O2 &
CO2
Lack a nucleus
Contain
hemoglobin
Produced in
bone marrow.
White Blood Cells
• Large
• Contain nucleus
• Defend the body
against disease.
• Produced in bone
marrow.
Platelets
•
•
Cell fragments needed for blood clotting.
Create a “web” to prevent you from
loosing blood.
Plasma
•
•
•
Liquid
Contains proteins
Transports red and
white blood cells,
platelets, nutrients,
enzymes,
hormones, gases
and salts.
Blood Types
• There are four
blood types:
–
–
–
–
A
B
AB
O
• This is inherited
from your mother
and father.
Blood Donation
• You cannot receive blood from just anyone
… you have to have the same blood type.
• Because of this, donating blood is
extremely helpful for doctors and
hospitals.
Blood Vessels
•
Three types of vessels:
1. Artery – Carry blood AWAY from the heart
(with O2)
2. Vein- Carry blood back to the heart (with
CO2)
3. Capillary – Where arteries turn into veins
Blood Pressure
• Pulse- the surge of blood through an
artery
• Blood pressure is the force that blood
exerts on the blood vessels.
– BP rises sharply when your ventricles contract
but drops when they relax.
– These two numbers provide your blood
pressure.
• Normal: 120/80
Heart
5 karat “Heart” cut diamond
Human Heart
• All of your vessels
connect to your
heart.
• The function of
the heart is to
keep blood
moving constantly
through the body.
Your Heart
• It is about the size of your
fist
• It is located in the center of
the chest between the lungs.
• Your ribs and sternum
protect your heart and lungs.
• The bottom tip of your heart
leans to the left side of your
chest... where you pledge to the
flag.
Heart Structure
•
•
The heart is made of cardiac muscle.
All mammals have four chambers in their
heart:
1. Left Atria
2. Left Ventricle
3. Right Atria
4. Right Ventricle
Fish Heart
• Fish have a 2 chambered heart.
Fish Heart
Frog Heart
• Frogs have a 3
chambered heart.
Frog Heart
Mammal-Bird Heart
Aorta
• All
mammals
(you) and
birds have
a4
chambered
heart.
Pathway through the Heart
• Vena Cava (largest
vein in your body)
• Right Atrium
• Right Ventricle
• Pulmonary Artery
• Lungs (exchanges O2
& CO2)
•
•
•
•
Pulmonary Artery
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle
Aorta (largest artery
in your body)
• Body Cells
Controlling the Heart
• Pacemaker: a bundle of nerve cells
located at the top of the right atrium
– Generates an electrical impulse that triggers
your atria to contract/pump
– Some people have artificial an pacemaker
• Medulla oblongata: portion of the brain
that controls the pacemaker
Resources
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http://www.stemnet.nf.ca/CITE/cardio.htm
http://www.cln.org/themes/circulatory.html
http://www.biologymad.com/heartdissection_files/frame.htm
http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio202/heart/anthrt.htm
http://www.kidshealth.org/kid/body/heart_noSW.html
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/A/AnimalHea
rts.html
• http://www.biology4kids.com/files/systems_circulatory.html
• http://www.accessexcellence.org/AE/AEC/CC/heart_background.ht
ml
• http://www.easyrashi.com/heart_misconceptions.htm