Transcript Respiratory System

Bio 9C: Thursday, 12.9.10
Title: Respiratory System: Structures & Functions
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Homework:
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Read pages 956-960 in the Biology textbook (this is the first half
of section 37-3).
 In your notebook:
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Membrane Review Questions
Take notes based on the questions on the back of Assign. sheet.
Do Now:
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Double Block
Pass Lab Reports with stapled rubrics to the left.
What do you think the purpose of the Respiratory System is?
Today’s Objectives:
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Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s
structure relates to its function
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Describe the structures and functions of respiratory system organs, and explain how
they relate to each other
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
PHA Biology 9
Moretti and Dickson
Agenda
Respiratory System: Structures and Functions
Day 1 (1st Half of Double Block)
• Complications of the Respiratory System
•
Purpose of the Respiratory System
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Transport O2 from the air into
the bloodstream
Dispose of CO2 from the
bloodstream into the air
Link to CELL RESPIRATION:
 Oxygen
is needed by cells for
cell respiration to produce ATP
 Carbon Dioxide produced from
cell respiration is exhaled
through Respiratory System
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system
How the Internal Organs Fit Together
Image shows major digestive, respiratory, and circulatory system organs
Front View
Back View
Images: http://www.turbosquid.com/FullPreview/Index.cfm/ID/270177
Structures of the Respiratory System
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its
function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system
Structures of the Respiratory System:
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Mouth & Nose:
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Air enters the body; gets moistened/filtered
Trachea (aka windpipe):
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The main airway to the lungs.
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its
function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system
Structures of the Respiratory System:
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Lungs:
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Main organs of the respiratory system
where gas exchange takes place.
Bronchi:
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Tubes that branch off from trachea.
One major bronchi for each lung that
branches into smaller and smaller
“branches” in the lung
Note: The smaller branches of the bronchi are called
bronchioles, but we will just call all of the
branches BRONCHI.
Major Bronchi
Branching
Smaller
Bronchi
Branching in
the lung
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its
function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system
Structures of the Respiratory System:
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Alveoli:
 Tiny
air sacs at the ends of the bronchioles where gas
exchange takes place. Look like GRAPES!
 Surrounded by a network of capillaries – tiny blood
vessels that trade O2 and CO2 with alveoli
Structures of the Respiratory System:
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its
function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system
Agenda
Respiratory System: Structures and Functions
Day 1 (1st Half of Double Block)
• Complications of the Respiratory System
•
Complications of the Respiratory System
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6 Groups:
 Smoking (use pg. 961-963 in book)
 Pneumonia
 Cystic Fibrosis
 Bronchitis
 Asbestos
 Asthma
Complications of the Respiratory System
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Task I - In Small Groups of 3 and 4:
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Task II - “Jigsaw” into groups with members from different groups:
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Research one complication of the respiratory system and be able to describe it
to the other students in your group.
In the “Diagram Box”, draw how your issue damages the respiratory system by
modifying and annotating the diagram of the lung.
In the “Information Box”, describe the characteristics of your issue, explain how
it affects the structures of the respiratory system, and describe how it effects
the function of the respiratory system (you can think of these as symptoms).
Each person shares the information from their issue
As each person presents, all other group members should be comparing and
contrasting that issue to their own.
Task III - Individually:
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Compare and contrast 2 of the respiratory system complications to determine
their similarities and differences
Complications of the Respiratory System
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Task I - In Small Groups of 3 and 4: (15 min)
 Research one complication of the respiratory system and
be able to describe it to the other students in your
group.
 In the “Diagram Box”, draw how your issue damages the
respiratory system by modifying and annotating the
diagram of the lung.
 In the “Information Box”, describe the characteristics of
your issue, explain how it affects the structures of the
respiratory system, and describe how it effects the
function of the respiratory system (you can think of these
as symptoms).
Complications of the Respiratory System
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Task II - “Jigsaw” into groups with members from different
groups: (25 Min)
 Each person shares the information from their issue
 As each person presents, all other group members should
be comparing and contrasting that issue to their own.
Task III – Individually (10 Min)
 Compare and contrast 2 of the respiratory system
complications to determine their similarities and
differences
Bio 9B: Friday, 12.10.10
Title: Patterns in Nature: Biomimicry and the Respiratory System
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Homework:
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No Homework 
Do Now:
 Based on last night’s reading, what is the function of the
respiratory system?
 How does this relate to cell respiration?
Today’s Objectives:
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Identify patterns of different structures in nature to determine the function of the
object.
Patterns in Nature:
A Biomimicry Exercise
1. Sketch this Image into your Notebook
What do you think it is?
1. Sketch this Image into your Notebook
What do you think it is?
Reflect on the First Two Images
Why do you think these first two objects are
“designed” the way they are?
1. What similarities do you notice between these two images?
2. Why do you think these similarities exist?
3. What do you think these things are (hint: they are not the same thing)?
X-ray image of a lung!
Satellite image of a river delta!
Let’s look at some other patterns…
Why do trees have leaves?
Bio 9B: Monday, 12.13.10
Title: Respiratory System: Structures & Functions Day 2
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Homework:
Use the study guide on the back of this sheet to study for tomorrow’s QUIZ.
 Collect Late Work
 Pass Back Lab Reports
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Do Now:
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Take the balloon and, without stretching it, try to inflate it.
Observe what your body is doing to inflate the balloon.
Mark your observations in your notebook
Today’s Objectives:
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Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s
structure relates to its function
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Describe the structures and functions of respiratory system organs, and explain how
they relate to each other
Structures of the Respiratory System:
Debrief of Balloon Blowing:
• What did you observe your body doing to inflate the balloon?
Quick Activity – “Holding your Breath”:
• Hold your breath for as long as you can (on my start)
• While you are holding your breathe, observe what happens to
your body the longer you try not to breathe.
• Record these observations in your notebook.
Debrief of Holding Breath:
• What did you observe about your body as you tried to hold your
breath?
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its
function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system
Two Important Processes in the
Respiratory System:
(Don’t need to write this down – just a preview)
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Breathing – controlled by the
diaphragm
Gas exchange – happens in the
alveoli
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its
function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system
Structures of the Respiratory System:
Diaphragm:
•Large flat muscle that
controls breathing
•Located at the bottom
of the chest cavity
•When it contracts, you
inhale
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its
function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system
The Process of Breathing
Inhaling:
Diaphragm contracts & lowers
2. Volume of lungs increases
3. Air rushes in (through mouth/nose, trachea,
bronchi, to alveoli) to fill the space
1.
Exhaling:
Diaphragm relaxes & bends upward
2. Volume of lungs decreases
3. Air is forced out (from alveoli through bronchi, trachea, mouth/nose)
1.
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its
function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system
Gas exchange in the lungs needs HUGE
AMOUNTS of surface area for enough O2
and CO2 to diffuse!
The Process of Gas Exchange
Gas exchange – the diffusion of oxygen and carbon
dioxide across cell membranes
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Happens in the alveoli of the lungs
Oxygen diffuses from alveoli
into capillaries (tiny blood
vessels) and binds to red blood
cells
Carbon dioxide diffuses from
capillaries into alveoli
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its
function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the respiratory system
The Process of Gas Exchange
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Gas exchange in the lungs needs HUGE AMOUNTS of
surface area for enough O2 and CO2 to diffuse!
Lungs contain 1.3 million alveoli!!
The total surface of all the alveoli would cover half a
tennis court!!
Transition to Circulatory System Notes
PHA_Bio9_intro_circ_09_9B.pptx