Transcript Lesson:
The Excretory Systems Excretion is the process of removing metabolic wastes. State Body Systems Main Organ of involved in excretion excretion Waste product The Large Intestine Not all foods are digested and absorbed by our body. The undigested food is passed into the large intestine for temporary storage. The undigested food contains a large amount of water and dissolved minerals like iron, calcium, and magnesium. Some of the water and the dissolved minerals are absorbed by the walls of the large intestine and returned to our body through blood circulation. The remaining solid waste after absorption is called feces. Feces contains bacteria, undigested food, bile, and the remaining water and minerals. It is discharged by the large intestine through the rectum. It then leaves our body through the anus. State Body System involved in excretion Solid Digestive System Main Organ of excretion Large intestine Waste product feces The Lungs The lungs are not only organs of respiration but also organs of excretion. The lungs give off 1. carbon dioxide 2. water vapor as waste products. These are picked up by the blood from the cells and brought to the lungs. Then, the lungs give them off as we exhale or breathe out. State Body System involved in excretion Gas Respiratory System Main Organ of excretion lungs Waste product Carbon dioxide The Skin removes metabolic wastes. These metabolic wastes move out of the blood vessels through the capillaries into the sweat glands. The skin excretes the following: 1. water 2. urea 3. salt Each sweat gland has a sweat tube that leads to a small opening in the skin’s surface called pore. This is where water and salt pass out of the skin. These wastes are collectively called sweat or perspiration. State Liquid a. Body System involved in excretion Main Organ of excretion Waste product Integumentary System Skin (Sweat glands) Sweat or perspiration State Body System involved in excretion Solid Digestive System Large intestine feces Respiratory System lungs Carbon dioxide Gas Liquid a. b. Integumentary System ? Main Organ of excretion Skin (Sweat glands) ? Waste product Sweat or perspiration ? CALORIES IN Coca-Cola's Sodas, Soft Drinks: Coca-Cola, Classic Calories 90 (375 kJ) % Daily Value 1 Total Fat 0g Sat. Fat 0g Trans Fat 0g 0% 0% Cholesterol 0mg 0% Sodium 31mg 1% Total Carbs. 25g 8% Dietary Fiber 0g Sugars 25g Protein 0g Potassium 0mg 0% Nutrition Facts Calories 72 (301 kJ) % Daily Value 1 Total Fat Sat. Fat 0.2g 0.1g Total Carbs. 18.5g 6% Dietary Fiber 2.1g 8% Sugars 9.9g < 0.1% Protein 0.9g Calcium 4.1mg Potassium 290mg < 0.1% Cholesterol 0mg 0% Sodium 1mg < 0.1% Water helps to remove the dangerous toxins that our body takes in from the air, the food and the chemicals we use on our skin and hair. Water also provides cushion for our body joints. Water carries oxygen and nutrients into all our cells. Water also helps to regulate our body temperature. When we say “integrative”, this means that our body systems are interconnected to each other to maintain homeostasis. Our body is so sensitive to everything we take in our body and to environment outside where we live in. And because of its sensitivity, we need other body system to perform other major liquid excretion aside from excretion by our skin. Word origin: from the Greek: homeo, meaning unchanging + stasis, meaning standing. Human homeostasis refers to the body's ability to physiologically regulate its inner environment to ensure its stability in response to fluctuations in the outside environment and the weather. it is the state of balance in our body. Homeostatic imbalance will lead to diseases or even death. Nephrons Excess salts, water, wastes remain in the tubule and become urine Urine enters collecting ducts (tubes) in the medulla Collecting tubes empty into the renal pelvis (first section of the ureter) All the blood in the body passes through the kidneys about 20 times every hour. What is Uric Acid? Uric acid is a chemical created when the body breaks down substances called purines. Purines are found in some foods and drinks, such as liver, anchovies (oil fishes), mackerel, dried beans and peas, beer, and wine. The substances that are useful to the body are brought back into circulation. Together with the clean blood, they leave the kidneys through the renal veins to the inferior vena cava and to the different parts of the body. Urethra Tube carries urine from bladder to outside Difference in male/female Females shorter Opens in front of vagina Male: carries both urine from urinary system and semen from the reproductive system Summary The state of balance in our body is called? Human homeostasis. The urinary system consists of the ? kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra. Kidneys are ? bean-shaped organ that contains filtering units called nephrons. The ureters are ? muscular tubes 10-12 inches long that moves urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder. Urinary bladder ? temporarily store the urine that pass from the two ureters. Urethra ? is a tube that carries urine from bladder to outside of the body. Different Excretory Systems State Body System involved in excretion Solid Digestive System Large intestine feces Respiratory System lungs Carbon dioxide kidneys urine Gas Liquid a. Urinary System b. Integumentary System Main Organ of excretion Skin (sweat glands) Waste product Sweat or perspiration CAUTION How many times do you urinate in one day? Humans produce about 2.9 liters of urine over 24 hours. What will happen if one of your kidney fail to function? Dialysis, a treatment where a machine does the job of the kidneys to filter the blood. used to provide an artificial replacement for lost kidney function . (renal replacement therapy) due to renal failure. What will happen if both of your kidneys failed to function? Kidney transplantation means replacement of the failed kidneys with a working kidney from another person, called a donor. Kidney transplantation is not a complete cure, although many people who receive a kidney transplant are able to live much as they did before their kidneys failed. Kid Nephrologist A physician specializes in kidney diseases Donor Kidney transplantation Prevention Do not delay urination when it is necessary. Drink 6-8 glasses of water every day. Eat a healthy diet. Avoid eating salty foods. Avoid drinking soft drinks and alcoholic drinks like beer and wine. Short Quiz 2. 3. A. Matching Type. Match Column A to Column B. Letters only. Column A E___1. the major system excretion that removes liquid wastes. This excretory system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra. C ___2. used to provide an artificial replacement for lost kidney A ___3. replacement of the failed kidneys with a working kidney from another person, called a donor. D ___4. A physician who specializes in kidney disease. B ___ 5. the state of balance in our body Column B A. Dialysis B. Human homeostasis C. Kidney transplantation D. Nephrologist E. Urinary System B. Trace the process through which urine is produced. Write 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 on the blank according to order of urine production. 5 6. The Urinary bladder (a hollow sac organ) then temporarily stores the 3 2 1 4 urine that passes from the two ureters. The urethra finally carries urine from bladder to outside of the body. 7. Excess salts, water, and wastes remains in the tubule and become urine after filtration. The substances that are useful to the body are brought back into circulation. Together with the clean blood, they leave the kidneys through the renal veins. 8. as blood surges through the kidneys, a filtering unit called nephrons filters the blood with nitrogenous waste urea, uric acid, salts and other metabolic wastes. 9. Blood enters each of the kidneys through a large artery that branches off from the aorta through the renal arteries. 10. the urine leaves the kidneys through the ureters, a muscular tubes 10-12 inches long that moves urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder. ASSIGNMENT. Please do a research on the following urinary disorders. Look for the Symptoms and Treatments or Preventions of each disease. One urinary disease in each group. Cystitis - Group 1 Urethritis - Group 2 Renal Failure – Group 3 References: http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urination_disorder Biology Science Impact by Pacifico C. Paywal and et. al., Academe Publishing House Inc 2006, pages 502 – 503 and pages 580 – 581. Criteria in judging class presentations of research. Visual Aids Voice Quality (Loudness and Clarity) Content Total 25 points 25 points 50 points 100 points Always remember “Prevention is BETTER than cure.”