Transcript Mammals
Circulatory System • The Circulatory System is responsible for transporting materials throughout the entire body. • It transports nutrients, water, and oxygen to your billions of body cells • It carries away wastes such as carbon dioxide that body cells produce. Circulatory System • The heart is the center of this system – Hollow, muscular organ – Beats over 100,000 times each day – Pumps 3780 liters through 100,000 Km of blood vessels daily • The hearts job is to act as the pumping force that is to transport blood, the fluid of life, to all your cells. Circulatory System The human heart has a: -2 loops -4 chambers Circulatory System • 1.The heart is main organ of circulatory system. • 2. This system also includes: – Veins-carry blood to heart – Arteries-carry blood away from heart • 3. The heart lies in center of the chest/ thoracic cavity between the lungs and under the sternum or breast bone. 4. The heart lies within the pericardium. -a saclike membrane which surrounds the heart and secrets a fluid which reduces friction as the heart beats. 5. The heart is made up of: -4 chambers -Two atriums (top) -Two ventricles (bottom) -2 sides -right (pumps dirty blood) -left (pumps clean blood) -2 sides divided by a complete septum/wall 6. A 4 chambered heart is very efficient. The oxygenated and deoxygenated blood never mix. 7. One way valves separate each atrium and ventricle- keeping blood flowing in one direction. The lub-dub sound of your heart beat is formed from the slamming of the two sets of valves. Major Vessels Aorta - pumps oxygen-rich/clean blood to the body from left ventricle. Pulmonary artery -pumps oxygen-poor/dirty blood to the lungs from right ventricle. Pulmonary veins - bring oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium Superior Vena Cava - brings oxygen poor blood from the upper body to the right atrium Inferior Vena Cava - brings oxygen poor blood from the lower part of the body to the right atrium Superior vena cava Aorta Pulmonary Arteries to lungs. Pulmonary Arteries to lungs. Pulmonary veins from lungs. Pulmonary veins from lungs. Right Side Superior vena cava Other end of aorta Left Side Coronary Arteries - located on the outside of the heart, these vessels supply blood to the heart itself, a blockage in these arteries can lead to a heart attack. DIRTY blood from the body flows: 1. to the Superior and Inferior Vena Cava 2. into the Right Atrium heart beats 3. through the valve 4. to the Right Ventricle heart beats 5. through a second valve 6. to the Pulmonary Arteries 7. to the Lungs (where the CO2 and O2 are exchanged) The blood picks up oxygen in the lungs, and then the CLEAN blood flows from the lungs: 1. to the Pulmonary Veins 2. into the Left Atrium heart beats 3. through first valve 4. into the Left Ventricle heart beats 5. through the second valve 6. to the Aorta 7. to all of the body SA node: -known as the pacemaker -located in right atrium -sends electrical impulses causing heart muscles to contract/beat. What about Blood? -Blood makes up 8% of our body weight -Blood is a mixture of cells suspended in a plasma/liquid. -Its job is to supply the body with oxygen and nutrients and to carry away waste. Blood cells: -Red Blood Cells/Erythrocytes: transport oxygen and a small amount of carbon dioxide. -5,000,000/drop of blood - White blood cells/Leukocytes: -help fight infection, produce antibodies, engulf foreign materials -10,000/drop of blood -Platelets: -small cell fragments that are used to stop bleeding – primary tissue of a scab. -250,000/drop of blood -Plasma - is the liquid portion of the blood, - carries blood cells and other components throughout the body. - Plasma is made in the liver. *The human body contains approximately 5 liters of blood 60,000 miles of blood vessels