Transcript File - Loreto Navan Science Department

Respiration
+Breathing!
How we work, play and sleep!!
Ingredients for energy!
• We’ve learned in
digestion that food is
absorbed into our
blodstream and carried
around to all the cells
in our body!
• The process that
releases energy from
this food is
RESPIRATION.
Respiration is the release of
energy from food.
• The equation for respiration in words is:
• Glucose + Oxygen
Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy
There are two types of
Respiration
• Aerobic Respiration needs oxygen to
release energy from food.
Come on Oxygen I
need you to release
energy!
• Anaerobic Respiration does not use
oxygen to release energy from food.
Sorry mate don’t need you
I’m going in for
Anaerobic Respiration!
Sniff…..I Feel
so unwanted!
How does Oxygen get to our
Cells??
• Oxygen is carried by blood to all cells of the
body.
This Is great we’re just
Here
we
come!
hitching a ride to the cells
on these red blood cells!
Aerobic Respiration
• Takes place in ALL the living cells in the
body aswell as in most animal and plant
cells.
We all respire
Aerobically!
Anaerobic Respiration
• Some living things can get energy from
food without using oxygen.
Haha I don’t need
oxygen to respire I can
do it Anaerobically and
still release energy!!
Remember!
• Much less energy is released from food by
Anaerobic Respiration than by Aerobic
Respiration.
I miss Oxygen, I just
can’t give off all my
energy without him!
Examples of anaerobic
respiration
• Yeast converts sugars to alcohol in
“Fermentation” – this produces alcohol for
drinks such as beers and wine!
See for yourself!!!
• Have you ever noticed what happens when
you breathe on glass??
• Yes as you can see from your experiment
water vapour forms on it!
• We can make sure this is water by using
cobalt chloride paper!
Did you know ???
• When you get a cramp whilst exercising it is
caused by the acid that your cells produce when
they respire anaerobically (without oxygen).
• the only reason they do this is because your body
needs to produce so much energy while you
exercise that not enough oxygen reaches the cells
on time.
• To try to sort this out you start breathing fast and
get out of breath as your lungs are trying to take in
as much oxygen as possible!!
Now to test for Carbon Dioxide!
• Limewater turns cloudy in the presence of
Carbon Dioxide.
• What happened when you breathed into
limewater??
• What does this tell you??
That brings us nicely on to…..
The breathing system…how we take
in oxygen and deliver it to cells!
Breathing
• As you can see from the Equation Oxygen
and food are the two important things our
cells need to give us energy.
• We’ve learned how the food gets to our
cells by digestion.
• The oxygen gets to our cells by breathing!
So where does the air go when we
breathe it in?
So what happens in each part??
Nose and mouth
• These are the openings the air can enter
through!
Pharynx
• This is the scientific name for your throat
area.
Trachea
• This is the tube that leads into your lungs.
• It is very strong and is kept open by Rings
of Cartilage.
• If we didn’t have rings of cartilage what do
you think might happen??
Bronchus
• As we have two lungs our Trachea divides
to branch into each one.
• These two branches are called Bronchi.
How do you think the Bronchi
fill up all our lungs??
Bronchioles
• To spread out through all our lungs the
bronchi break up to even smaller little
branches called BRONCHIOLES.
Alveoli
• The final place the air we breathe in goes to
in our lung is the ALVEOLI.
• It is in the Alveoli that Carbon Dioxide is
brought into the lungs to be exhaled and
oxygen is brought into the body for
respiration.
• This is called Gas exchange. Why do you
think it is called this?
• These are tiny little sacs that look like
bunches of grapes.
By gosh!These things look just
like a bunch of grapes!
• In fact this is how they got the name
Alveolus from the Greek word meaning
“bunch of Grapes”!
• Tiny, tiny blood vessels known as
capillaries carry blood to and from the
alveoli and allow the gases to pass in and
out.
Did you know??
• If you joined all the capillaries in your lung
alone end to end they would travel up and
down Ireland a few times!!!
Another amazing fact!
• If you took out you alveoli and cut them
open to spread out they would cover a
tennis court!!
Lets Learn how we breathe!!
See for yourself!
• Put your hands under your ribs.
• Take a deep breath in.
• What do you notice happening??
• This called the INHALE.
• Keep your hands under you ribs as you
breathe out.
• What do you notice happening?
• This is called the EXHALE.
So what’s going on??
• Our rib cage is around our lungs to protect
them.
• When we take in air the rib cage seems to
lift up to give more room for all the air.
• This is able to happen because the
INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES contract
between the lungs and the DIAPHRAGM
pushes up and down.
We can also see this with the bell
jar!!