Transcript TOPIC: Immunity AIM: What is immunity?

Topic: Immunity
Aim: Explain the two different types of
immunity.
Do Now: Explain what occurs when an
antigen enters the body.
HW: Castle Learning - Immune System.
Due Thursday!
Immunity • Resistance to a
disease
2 types of Immunity
Active
• Long-term
Immunity • Acquired by:
1. coming into contact with
pathogen
2. receiving vaccination = injection
of weak or dead pathogen
How does A. Vaccine injected
a vaccine
work?
B. Body makes antibodies &
memory cells
C. Antibodies attach to
antigens and help fight the
pathogen
D. Memory cells stay in blood and
quickly make antibodies if
exposed to same pathogen
Jonas Salk
developed the
first vaccine in
1955 which was
against polio
(which attacks
motor neurons).
Measles symptoms may include:
• Bloodshot eyes, cough, fever
light sensitivity, muscle pain, rash
• Usually appears 3 - 5 days after
the first signs of being sick and
may last 4 - 7 days.
• Usually starts on the head and
spreads to other areas, moving
down the body.
• Rash may appear as flat,
discolored areas and solid, red,
raised areas that later join
together.
• Itchy’
• Redness and irritation of the
eyes (conjunctivitis)
• Runny nose, sore throat
• Tiny white spots inside the
mouth (Koplik's spots)
Rubella (Three day measles,
German measles)
• Children generally have few
symptoms.
• Adults may experience a
fever, headache, general
discomfort, and a runny nose
before the rash appears.
They may not notice the
symptoms.
• Other symptoms may include:
– Bruising (rare)
– Inflammation of the eyes
(bloodshot eyes)
– Muscle or joint pain
Passive
• Temporary
Immunity • Acquired by receiving
antibodies
• Acquired by:
1. Child receives antibodies in
womb & during breastfeeding
2. Receiving antibodies orally
or by injection
Let’s summarize…
1. Explain the difference between passive
and active immunity.
2. Explain how someone can receive active
immunity for a disease.
3. Explain the contents of a vaccine.
4. Explain how a person can receive passive
immunity for a disease.
5. Why is passive immunity only temporary?
http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseases
injuriesandconditions/vaccines/
1. Resistance to a specific disease is a(n)
a. antibiotic.
b. immunity.
c. white blood cells.
d. addiction
2. Once you have had the chicken pox, it is
unlikely that you will ever get the disease
again because your body has developed a(n)
a. passive immunity.
b. addiction.
c. active immunity.
d. antibiotic.
3. Immunity that occurs when a body makes its
own antibodies is called
_________immunity.
a. Passive
b. Temporary
c. Shortened
d. Active
4. An injection of a weakened virus that allows
one to develop immunity against a disease is
called a
a. antibody
b. vaccine
c. epidemic
d. pathogen
5. Which of the following parts of the body's
defense system seeks out and destroys
bacteria?
a. mucus
b. white blood cells
c. skin
d. red blood cells