Transcript Immunity AIM: How does the immune system protect the body

Topic: Immunity
Aim: Describe the structure and role of pathogens in causing
disease.
Do Now: 1. Pass up your science fair data and conclusions.
2. Take out your immune system reading notes.
3. Take out your numbers!
4. Locomotion review with your 3:00 partner (next slide)
HW: Read pgs. 655 and 656. Write a paragraph of at least 4
sentences explaining the difference between passive and
active immunity.
Due Wednesday:
CL for Skeletal and Muscular Systems
Muscle Fatigue Lab due Wednesday.
Do Now: With your 3:00 partner, identify and describe the function
of structures A, B and C in the diagram.
A – Skeletal muscle
•Attach to bone to aid in
movement
B - Ligament
•Connect bone to bone
C - Tendon
•Connect muscle to bone
Schistosoma mansoni is a
major parasitic pathogen
that causes
schistosomiasis.
You can become infected
when your skin comes in
contact with contaminated
freshwater.
Schistosomiasis accounts
for greater than a ¼ of a
million deaths per year.
These not found in the
U.S.
Why?
Within days after becoming
infected, they may develop a
rash or itchy skin. Within 1-2
months of infection, symptoms
may develop including fever,
chills, cough, and muscle aches.
Symptoms of chronic
schistosomiasis include:
abdominal pain, enlarged liver,
blood in the stool or blood in
the urine, problems passing
urine, and increased risk of
bladder cancer.
1.
Identify
the name
of
diseasecausing
organisms.
• Pathogen
• Prefix???
–From Greek pathos
"disease”
• Suffix???
–From French -génique
"producing"
2.
Identify
some
examples
of these
diseasecausing
organisms.
• Viruses
• Bacteria
• Fungi
3. Describe • It works against
specific pathogens.
the function
of the
immune
system.
4. What
does your
body’s
first line
of defense
consist of?
• Skin
• Respiratory system
• Digestive system
5. When
does
inflammation
occur?
• When a tissue is
damaged by injury or
infected by pathogens
• Redness
6. Identify
• Temperature
some signs
increases
of
• Swelling
inflammation.
• Pain
7. Identify • Antigens and
antibodies
two
substances
involved in
specific
immunity.
• On the surface of
8. Where
pathogens
are antigens
(proteins)
found?
9. Identify • Lymphocytes
the type of
white blood
cell that is
produced
once a
pathogen
enters the
body.
10. Identify • T-cells
two types of • B-cells
lymphocytes.
•
Antibodies
11. Identify
the protein
that is
produced
once an
antigen
enters the
body
A
Pathogen
Antigen
B
Antibody
C
1. Identify the labeled
structures.
2. Where are antigens
located?
3. Describe the shape
of an antibody.
4. Describe the
relationship
between an antigen
and an antibody.
5. Identify other
substances in the
body have that this
same type of
relationship.
•
B-cells
12. Identify
the type of (lymphocytes)
white blood
cells that
produce
antibodies.
•
They
attach
to
antigens
13. Describe
and make them useless.
how
• Attach to antigens that
antibodies
fit with their shape.
are specific.
14. Describe •
the function •
of memory
cells.
Another type of
lymphocyte
Remain in the blood ready
the defend against invasion
of the same pathogen at
another time
Let’s summarize…
1. Explain what a pathogen in.
2. Explain the difference between an
antigen and an antibody.
3. Explain what occurs when a foreign
antigen enters the body.
Which substances may form in the
human body due to invaders entering
the blood?
a. nutrients
b. vaccines
c. antibodies
d. red blood cells
A
B
C
Which phrase does not describe a way
the human body responds to fight
disease?
a. destruction of infectious agents by white
blood cells
b. production of antibodies by white blood
cells
c. increased production of white blood cells
d. production of pathogens by white blood
cells
Which statement does not identify a characteristic
of antibodies?
a. They are produced by the body in response to
the presence of foreign substances.
b. They may be produced in response to an
antigen.
c. They are nonspecific, acting against any
foreign substance in the body.
d. They may be produced by white blood cells.
Which statement best describes an immune
response?
a. It always produces antibiotics.
b. It usually involves the recognition and
destruction of pathogens.
c. It stimulates asexual reproduction and
resistance in pathogens.
d. It releases red blood cells that destroy
parasites.
Part of the body’s first line of
defense against disease-causing
organisms is
a. the immune system
b. the skin
c. antibodies
d. interferon
Molecules that are foreign to your body
are called
a. antibodies
b. white blood cells
c. antigens
d. histamines
A(n) __ is a substance made by an
organism in response to invading
substances and disease-causing
organisms.
a. allergen
b. antibody
c. antigen
d. pathogen
The immune system of humans may
respond to chemicals on the surface of
an invading organism.
1. What are these chemicals on the
surface called?
2. Explain what will happen once these
chemicals enter the body.
Which statement best describes an immune
response?
a. It always produces antibiotics.
b. It usually involves the recognition and
destruction of pathogens.
c. It stimulates asexual reproduction and
resistance in pathogens.
d. It releases red blood cells that destroy
parasites.