Transcript Consciousness

9.00 Introduction to Psychology
Attention, Learning,
Consciousness
Talia Konkle
8 Mar 07
The Plan for today :
Logistics:
Exam
Activities:
Attention
Learning
Review:
Consciousness
(from chapter 5)
Logistica
Exam
Extra Credit
Review
Session
Pop Quiz
The Plan for today :
Logistics:
Exam
Activities:
Attention
Learning
Review:
Consciousness
(from chapter 5)
Attention
Multiple object tracking
• Spotlight metaphor of attention.
• Can you split it?
demos
Visual Search
Search for the red vertical
Pretty easy.
Search for the red vertical
again
Harder?
Guiding attention by color… pretty easy
Guiding attention by color AND
orientation, more difficult
one more time, find the red vertical
How do we explain this?
feature maps
Attention
• Limited but flexible resource
– Number of objects and speed tradeoff
• Object based
• Feature Based and Location Based
• Tends to focus on task relevant
materials
LEARNING
Ivan Pavlov
1849-1936
Classical Conditioning
US
conditioning
CS
UR
• Rewarder: After every green circle/bell
sound, wait one second and give the
trainee an m&m
• Punisher: After every red circle/crash
sound, wait one second and sprinkle the
trainee with water
Operant Conditioning
the process by which a behavior
becomes associated with it’s consequences
Shaping
gradual process of reinforcing an organism
for behavior that gets closer to the desired behavior
Operant conditioning
Reinforcement
“Positive”
gain
“Negative”
loss
Give something good
Punishment
Give something bad
you get an MnM
you get extra credit
you get a squirt
you get an F
Remove something bad
Remove something good
You have to do one
less paper
you don’t get to
come to section
anymore.
I’m taking away
your ipod
Consciousness
States of consciousness
Sleep
behavioral signatures
neural signatures
Major classes of Drugs
stimulants
analgesics
depressants
hallucinogens
… Consciousness …