Transcript A.P. Psychology 6 (D) - Operant Conditioning

Unit 6 (D):
Operant Conditioning:
Expanding Skinner’s
Understanding
Mr. McCormick
A.P. Psychology
Do-Now
(Questionnaire/In Journal)


Answer the Yes/No questions on Hand-Out 7-7:
“Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to
Reward Questionnaire”
Tally up the Yes responses of odd and even numbers:

Sensitivity to Punishment:


Odd numbers: Higher scores representing higher sensitivity to
punishment
Sensitivity to Reward:

Even numbers: Higher scores representing higher sensitivity to
reward
Cognition and
Operant Conditioning

Skinner acknowledged the role of one’s
cognition on operant conditioning

Cognitive Map:
A mental representation of the layout of one’s
environment
 E.g. after exploring a maze, rats act as if they have
learned a cognitive map of it

Cognition and
Operant Conditioning

Latent Learning:

Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there
is an incentive to demonstrate it
Video Clip: Cognitive Maps
How
does the rat
use latent learning in
pursuit of food, after its
path has been blocked?
Cognition and
Operant Conditioning
Can
you think of
an example when
you experienced
latent learning?
Cognition and
Operant Conditioning

Insight:

A sudden and often novel realization of the solution
to a problem
Types of Motivation

Intrinsic Motivation:


A desire to perform a behavior for its own sake
Extrinsic Motivation:

A desire to perform a behavior to receive promised
rewards or avoid threatened punishment
Types of Motivation
 What
is something that you are
intrinsically motivated to do?
 What
is something that you are
extrinsically motivated to do?
 With
which type of motivation is
operant conditioning more effective?
“Consideration of Future
Consequences Scale”


Answer the questions on Hand-Out 7-4:
“Consideration of Future Consequences
Scale”
Tally up the numbers of your responses:
Reverse the numbers that you gave in statements 3, 4,
5, 9, 10, 11, and 12 (i.e., 1=5, 2=4, 3=3, 4=2, 5=1)
 Next, add the numbers in front of all 12 items
 The higher your score, the greater consideration you
have for future consequences

Biology and
Operant Conditioning

Biological constraints
predispose organisms to learn
associations that are naturally
adaptive

Breland and Breland (1961)
showed that animals drift
toward their biologically
predisposed instinctive
behaviors
Marian Breland Bailey
Operant Vs. Classical Conditioning
Review

What is a cognitive map? How did rats use it in
operant conditioning?

What is latent learning? Provide an example.

What is insight? What is its role in problemsolving?

What is the difference between intrinsic
motivation and extrinsic motivation?

In what ways do organisms’ biology influence
operant conditioning?
Homework

Unit 6 Quiz: “Learning”

Unit 6 FRQ

Unit 6 Test: “Learning”

Chapter 8 Outline: “Memory”