Transcript Famous Psychologists PowerPoint Review

Famous Psychologists
Advanced Placement Psychology
Semester II – Kimberly High School
Ms. Amy Johnson
Willhelm Wundt
• IntrospectionPsychology & the
study of conscious
experience
• Father of Psychology
• University of Leipzig
Alfred Adler
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Neo-Freudian
Superiority complex
Inferiority complex
Sibling rivalry
Birth order
Carl Jung
• People have
conscious &
unconscious
awareness
• Archetypes
• Collective
Unconscious
Gordon Allport
• Cardinal Traits
(dominant personality
characteristic)
• Central Traits
• Secondary Traits
• PERSONALITY
theorist
Albert Ellis
• Rational Emotive
Therapy
• Cognitive Therapist
• Focuses on altering a
client’s irrational
thinking to reduce
maladaptive behavior
and emotions.
John Watson
• Founder of
behaviorism
• Little Albert study
• Rosalie Rayner (his
graduate student and
later his wife)
• Conditioning fear
Abraham Maslow
• Hierarchy of Needs
• Lower level needs
dominate higher level
needs
• Goal is to be selfactualized
Carl Rogers
• Humanist
• Personal growth
• Empathy, acceptance,
understanding
B.F. Skinner
• Behaviorism
• Skinner Box
• Operant Conditioning
Ivan Pavlov
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Classical conditioning
UCS elicits a UCR
Dogs
Salivation to meat
powder & tuning fork
• UCS, UCR, CS, CR
Noam Chomsky
• Language
• Cognitive Perspective
• Humans have an
inborn native ability to
develop language.
Erik Erikson
David Weschler
• WAIS
• Wechsler Adult
Intelligence Test for
Adults
• Intelligence test for
adults (S-B test is not
good in assessing
adult intelligence)
Jean Piaget
• Cognitive
Development of
children
• Sensorimotor
• Preoperational
• Concrete Operational
• Formal Operational
Robert Sternberg
• Tricarchic theory of
intelligence
– Academic problem
solving
– Practical intelligence
– Creative intelligence
Lawrence Kohlberg
• Preconventional
morality
• Conventional morality
• Post-conventional
morality
Phineas Gage
• Brain is involved with
emotions & behavior
& personality
• Frontal Lobe
Lewis Terman
• Revised IQ test for
American children
and standardized
norms for American
kids.
Howard Gardner
• Theory of multiple
intelligences
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Practical intelligence
Emotional intelligence
Natural intelligence
Analytical intelligence
Etc….
Diana Baumrind
• Parenting styles
– Permissive
– Authoritative
– Authoritarian
Albert Bandura
• Bobo Doll
• Observational
Learning
• Social-Cognitive
Perspective of
personality
E.L. Thorndike
• Law of Effect
• Behaviorist
Alfred Binet
• First IQ test
• Intelligence Quotient
Charles Spearman
• g= general ability
• Mental talents are
highly correlated
• Intelligence is NOT
multiple….
Harry Harlow
• UW Madison
• Rhesus monkeys
• Attachment is not = to
food, comfort and
warmth and love is
important, too!
Herman Rorschach
• Projective test
• Ink blots
Carol Gilligan
• Moral reasoning in
girls.
• Nurturing and caring
part of a girl’s DNA –
should count in moral
reasoning.
• Dislikes Kohlberg’s
Morality Stages.
Elizabeth Kubler-Ross
• DABDA – Stages of
Death & Dying
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Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance
Martin Seligman
• Learned
Helplessness
• Positive Psychology
Stanley Milgram
• Obedience
• Shocks
• How far will people
go?
Elizabeth Loftus
• Memory
• False memories of
childhood traumas
• Repression of
threatening childhood
memories
Mary Whiton Calkins
• First woman president
of the APA.
• Denied a Ph.D. from
Harvard for being
female.
Phillip Zimbardo
• Stanford Prison Study
• Power of social roles
and behavior
• “The Lucifer Effect”
Karen Horney
• Neo-Freudian
• Thought Freud was a little
over-sexed.
• Parental influences very
important on childhood.
• Children fear being
abandoned &
helplessness – she called
this basic anxiety.