Transcript File

Unit 5 Review
U.S. Expansion
For each territory,
answer the following
questions:
1) What is the name of
the territory?
2) What country did the
territory come from?
3) How did the U.S.
acquire the territory?
4) How did the
acquisition of the
territory lead to
conflict and/or
change?
Nationalism vs. Sectionalism
•Create a T-chart that compares
events that led to nationalism or
sectionalism. You need to have five
events for EACH side.
•Each event should be explained in 1-2
sentences.
Unit 7 Essential Questions
1) What were the three main causes of the Civil War? Explain
each.
2) Why was the Battle of Gettysburg and the Siege of Vicksburg
considered the military turning points of the Civil War?
3) Why do some say it was inevitable that the North would win
the war?
4) How did the federal government treat the Southern states
after the war? What were different viewpoints on how they
should be treated?
5) Which changes of the Civil War and Reconstruction era were
Units 5-7 Review
“As a principle in which the rights and interests of the United States are
involved, . . . the American continents, . . . by the free and independent
condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be
considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers.”
- President James Monroe’s annual message to Congress, 1823
How did President Monroe′s message influence U.S. foreign policy?
a. It changed from isolationism and neutrality to imperialism.
b. It declared free market economies for the American continents.
c. It increased colonization by the United States on the European continent.
d. It warned European nations not to interfere in the affairs of the Western
Hemisphere.
A lasting impact of the United States Supreme Court
under Chief Justice John Marshall is that the Court’s
decisions
a.
b.
c.
d.
extended the Bill of Rights to enslaved persons
expanded the power of the Federal Government
restricted the authority of Congress
promoted the views of the President
What effects did Henry Clay hope his “American System”
would have the on the U.S.?
a. He hoped it would serve to unite the national
economically and make it more self-sufficient.
b. He hoped it would serve to increase the North’s
industry while devastating the South, thereby bringing
about an end to slavery.
c. He hoped it would lessen the role of the federal
government and serve to make state governments
stronger.
d. He hoped that it would eliminate tariffs and boost the
agriculturally based economy of the Deep South
Which of the following statements describes
Hudson River School artists most accurately?
a. They valued getting rich over being attuned
with nature.
b. They were glad to see the rise of industry, with
large factories replacing rural ways of life.
c. They tried to create American culture by
painting nature and frontier scenes.
d. They thought nature was purer and more
important than most human culture.
In which of the following ways did Webster’s Dictionary
help to form a distinctly “American” language?
a. It adopted words from Native American languages to
mix with traditional European words.
b. It removed British words from the vocabulary and
replaced them all with “American” words.
c. It modified the traditional British spelling, usage, and
pronunciation of many words.
d. It depicted life on the U.S. frontier and dealt with issues
relevant to U.S. society.
“John Marshall has made his decision, now let him
enforce it.”
– Andrew Jackson
President Jackson is believed to have made this
statement in response to what issue?
a. the forced removal of Native Americans from
their lands
b. the creation of “pet banks”
c. the formation of the Whig Party
d. the crisis that erupted as a result of new tariffs
The "Lowell System" refers to which of the
following?
a. employment of young women who
were then housed in dormitories
b. chattel slavery
c. worker's cooperatives
d. an early American labor union
During the years 1800-1850, how did the area
and population of the United States change?
a. There was no change in either.
b. The population increased, but the area
remained the same.
c. The population remained the same, but it
was spread out over a larger area.
d. Both the area and the population
increased a great deal.
Which of the following would have most likely been an opinion held by
James K. Polk?
a. “The Oregon territory is as much the property of Great Britain as it is
the U.S. Therefore, we must be sure not to offend the British and
remember that they, too, belong in Oregon.”
b. “It is the destiny of the U.S. to expand all the way to the Pacific. If
Mexico will not sell us their territories north of the Rio Grande, then we
will force a war and take them.”
c. “We have Texas, and that is enough for now. If we push Mexico too
hard, we might face a war we are not prepared for.”
d. “It is not right for white settlers to force their will on the Indians.
Therefore, we shall seek to buy the Oregon territory from the tribes that
currently live there.”
The "era of good feelings" following the War of 1812
reflected
a. declining violence in the West between the United
States and Indian tribes.
b. increased political divisions in the United States federal
government.
c. rising nationalism and optimism in the United States.
d. the renewed good relations between the United States
and the European continent.
The fate of the Donner party best illustrates
a. the hazards faced by pioneers traveling west on
the Oregon Trail.
b. the lack of appeal of abolitionism to the majority
of immigrants.
c. the widespread lack of interest among Americans
in Henry Clay's American System by the 1840s.
d. the vicious attacks on Catholics and immigrants
that took place in the 1830s and 1840s.
The person who drew this
cartoon probably belonged
to which party?
A. Democrat.
B. Federalist.
C. Whig.
D. Free-Soiler.
All of the following groups would have
been likely to agree with the image’s
depiction of Andrew Jackson EXCEPT
A. South Carolinians who opposed
federal tariffs
B. American Indians such as Cherokees
C. western farmers who opposed the
national bank
D. advocates of federally funded internal
improvement projects
The creator of the image would most likely
agree with which of the following
statements?
A. Jackson’s natural leadership skills made
him an ideal president.
B. Jackson’s political actions were
unconstitutional.
C. Jackson would have accepted internal
improvements if Congress had consulted him.
D. Jackson was celebrated by the people
because his foreign policies benefited the
nation.
“Jackson Replaces Many Government Workers With His
Supporters”
“Jackson Vetoes Bank Recharter Bill for Political Reasons”
“Jackson Refuses to Enforce Worcester v. Georgia Decision”
Which conclusion about President Andrew Jackson is most
consistent with these headlines?
A. He allowed Congress to decide controversial issues.
B. He expanded presidential powers.
C. He demonstrated weakness in dealing with domestic issues.
D. He relied on the Supreme Court to settle disputes.
During the presidency of Andrew Jackson, the
spoils system resulted in
A. federal laws being nullified by the states
B. elected officials rewarding their supporters
with government jobs
C. all free males being given the right to vote
D. the end of political corruption in the federal
government
"Compromise Enables Maine and Missouri To Enter Union"
(1820)
"California Admitted to Union as Free State" (1850)
"Kansas-Nebraska Act Sets Up Popular Sovereignty" (1854)
Which issue is reflected in these headlines?
A.
B.
C.
D.
enactment of protective tariffs
extension of slavery
voting rights for minorities
universal public education
Before the Civil War, slavery expanded in the South rather
than in the North because
A. the Constitution contained a clause that outlawed the
importation of slaves into the Northern states
B. Congress passed a law forbidding slavery in the North
C. Northern states passed affirmative action legislation
D. geographic conditions in the South encouraged the
development of large plantations
Sectional differences developed in the United States
largely because
A. the Federal Government adopted a policy of
neutrality
B. economic conditions and interests in each region
varied
C. only northerners were represented at the
Constitutional Convention
D. early Presidents favored urban areas over rural areas
Why would Southern planters oppose the Wilmot
Proviso?
A. It would prevent plantation owners from moving
slaves to land acquired in the Louisiana Purchase.
B. It would legalize slavery everywhere except in the
Mexican Cession Territory.
C. It would abolish slavery in territory acquired during
the Mexican War.
D. It would only allow slavery below the Missouri
Compromise line.
The Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 was
mainly concerned with
A. ending slavery in all the states
B. reducing consumption of alcoholic
beverages
C. improving treatment of the mentally ill
D. expanding women’s rights
According to Horace Mann, why was education
an important institution for Americans?
A. It encouraged equality of opportunity within
society.
B. It created a spirit of nationalism.
C. It inspired citizens to actively participate in
government.
D. It supported equity in the workplace
Which of the following rationales were not used by
Christian slaveholders seeking to justify their practices?
A. Quoting passages in the Bible that took the existence
of slavery for granted.
B. Arguing that slaves were lucky to have been taken
from pagan Africa, and the dangers of hellfire
C. Saying that the spiritual gifts of Christianity allowed
slaves to rise above their material difficulties
D. Arguing that African-Americans should be given the
full rights of citizenship, including the right to vote.
Who founded the antislavery paper
The Liberator?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The Grimke sisters
William Lloyd Garrison
Frederick Douglass
David Walker
The effect of Uncle Tom's Cabin on the nation was to
A. reveal the ugly extent of the vicious slave trade to
America.
B. ignite such anger in the South that several states
soon seceded from the Union.
C. offer the first written history of American slavery.
D. help humanize slaves in the minds of northern
readers.
The name given to the effort by whites and
blacks to help runaway slaves escape was
the
A.
B.
C.
D.
Frederick Douglass road.
Underground Railroad.
Fugitive Slave Act.
Second Middle Passage.
During the early 1800s, the United States placed
few restrictions on immigration because
A. the Constitution did not allow restrictions
B. labor unions welcomed the new workers
C. southern landowners needed additional
workers
D. the industrial economy was creating new
jobs
In the presidential election of 1824,
A. Andrew Jackson received the most electoral votes
and became president.
B. John Q. Adams received the second-most
electoral votes and became president.
C. Henry Clay received the fourth-most electoral
votes and became president.
D. John Q. Adams received the most electoral votes
and became president.
The "Know-Nothing" movement was
partially directed at reducing the influence
of
A.
B.
C.
D.
Catholics.
abolitionists.
Democrats.
Jews.
Which of the following describes Dorothea Dix’s
main concern?
A. Ensuring that criminals were punished
severely.
B. Keeping immigrants out of the U.S.
C. Maintaining a belligerent foreign policy
D. Bringing about humane conditions in prisons
and insane asylums.
In the 1840s, the organized movement
against drunkenness in the United States
A. linked alcohol to crime and poverty.
B. grew largely out of immigrant
communities.
C. was actively opposed by a large
majority of Americans.
D. remained a minor social movement.
According to the principle of popular sovereignty,
A. Congress would determine whether a territory
would have slavery.
B. Territorial legislatures would determine whether a
territory would have slavery.
C. Settlers would determine whether a territory
would have slavery.
D. The Supreme Court would determine whether a
territory would have slavery.
What best describes why women
identified with the abolition movement?
A. Women felt enslaved.
B. Women were also denied full rights.
C. Women thought slavery was immoral.
D. Women that slave children should go to
school
In the middle of the 1800s, what two major
issues were dividing the North and South?
a. Welfare reform and income tax rates
b. Immigration and the gold standard
c. Loyalty to Great Britain and taxation without
representation
d. States’ rights and slavery
At the beginning of the Civil War, the North was
a. was better prepared economically to fight
the Civil War
b. lagged behind the South in bank deposits
c. produced more agricultural products than
the South
d. lacked several important resources to fight
the war
Which of the following best describes Grant’s strategy to defeat the
Confederate army?
a.
“We will try to circle around Lee’s army, then surprise them by
attacking them from the rear.”
b. “We’ve got more men than they do. For this reason we are going
to keep marching against Lee’s army. We’ll force him to fight until he just
doesn’t have the men to fight anymore.”
c.
“We’ll wait Lee out. Eventually he’ll have to attack us on our own
territory and we’ll crush him.”
d. “More than anything else, it is essential that we spare as many
lives as possible. I’d rather take three more years to defeat Lee and lose
1000 men, than to defeat him tomorrow having lost 10,000.”
Which of the following best identifies why Grant’s
victory at Vicksburg was significant?
a. It ensured a steady supply of beef for the
Confederate forces.
b. It gave the Union control of the Mississippi River.
c. It inspired other Union generals.
d. It controlled the Union’s advantage in industrial
might.
Which of the following would have most likely
been the QUICKEST to give power back to the
state governments in the South?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Andrew Johnson
Thaddeus Stevens
The Radical Republicans
Edwin Stanton
Reconstruction ended predominantly for what reason?
a. The South had been rebuilt and no longer needed to be
reconstructed.
b. New laws ensured the welfare of freed slaves and a new
generation of southern leaders were ready to continue Union
policies.
c. Reconstruction was too expensive to continue.
d. As the result of a compromise that put the Republican
candidate in the White House in exchange for withdrawing
Union forces from the South and giving power back to the state
governments.
Which statement best describes “black codes”?
a. Secret codes used by spies in the Union Army
b. Southern laws that severely restricted the lives
and civil rights of African-Americans
c. A nickname for key speeches by abolitionists
d. Rules of conduct established by the
Freedmen’s Bureau.
The Election of 1860 most clearly
reflected the influence of:
a.
b.
c.
d.
nationalist motives
sectional differences
political stability
ethnic conflicts
How was Abraham Lincoln’s victory in the 1860
presidential election a turning point in American history?
a. Lincoln won the majority of electoral votes but not a
majority of the popular vote.
b. A coalition of Whigs, Know-Nothings, and Democrats
ran a strong third-party candidate.
c. The Crittenden Compromise attempted to resolve
tensions aroused by the election.
d. Lincoln’s victory prompted Southern secession and the
Civil War that followed.
Which of the following best describes the troubles of African-Americans
in the South during Reconstruction?
a. They received help from federal agencies like the Freedmen’s Bureau,
but without land, money, or education; and because of the black codes,
they often found themselves reduced to the equivalent of slave labor as
sharecroppers.
b. They were denied citizenship and never became a political force in the
South.
c. They were harassed by the Ku Klux Klan, but rarely were they the
victims of violence. It would not be until the 20th century that the Ku
Klux Klan would begin using violence as a means of intimidation.
d. They relied on grandfather clauses and Jim Crow laws to ensure that
they exercised their right to vote.
“No state...shall...deprive any person of life, liberty, or
property, without due process of law.”
During Reconstruction, this clause was adopted to protect:
a. Native Americans who were being settled on
reservations
b. newly freed slaves in the South
c. defeated Confederate soldiers returning to their homes
d. settlers moving west of the Mississippi River
Which of the following BEST describes why the Southern states
seceded?
a. They felt that the Union was weak and could be easily
defeated.
b. They were encouraged to secede by foreign governments
prepared to come to their aid if they rebelled.
c. They felt that it was only a matter of time before Lincoln and
the Republicans would move to abolish slavery and they wanted
to protect their state sovereignty.
d. They felt that it was only a matter of time before Union forces
attacked and wanted to organize an army.
How did the end of the U.S. Civil War affect American
politics?
a. Legislation passed that supported property rights and
due process for women.
b. Legislation passed that established voting rights for
American Indians.
c. Legislation passed that provided citizenship and legal
protections for freed slaves.
d. Legislation passed that enhanced individual states’
rights.
The Civil War and Reconstruction failed to
achieve:
a. The end of slavery.
b. Equal rights for all people regardless of race.
c. The growth of community life for AfricanAmericans.
d. The reunification of the states.
"If I could save the Union without freeing any slave I would do it, and if I
could do it by freeing all the slaves I would do it; and if I could do it by
freeing some and leaving others alone, I would do that.“
– Abraham Lincoln, 1862
The quotation illustrates Lincoln’s attempt to:
a. Acceptance of the slave trade
b. Determination to support popular sovereignty
c. Agreement with abolitionists
d. Willingness to compromise on the issue of slavery in order to preserve
the union
“By the 1850s, the Constitution, originally framed as an instrument
of national unity, had become a source of sectional discord.”
This quotation supports which conclusion?
a. vast differences of opinion existed over the issue of States
rights
b. the Federal Government had become more interested in
foreign affairs than in domestic problems
c. the Constitution had no provisions for governing new
territories
d. the Southern States continued to import slaves
How did the outcome of the Civil War change the distribution of
power and authority between the United States and the state
governments?
a. The Southern states redefined the doctrine of states′ rights
despite the outcome of the war.
b. The Southern states separated from the Union, thereby
confirming their right to do so.
c. The Union agreed to allow nullification as a precondition to
ending the war.
d. The Union victory reinforced the supremacy of the federal
government over the states.
How did General Sherman’s March to the Sea affect
Southern society and the end of the Civil War?
a. It destroyed the plantation system, removing social
and economic support for the Confederacy.
b. It created a strong and active abolitionist movement
among Southern women who lived on the plantations.
c. It caused the surrender of Southern troops but did
not affect the plantation system.
d. It ended the war by destroying plantations, forcing
many wealthy citizens to flee to England.
How was issuing the Emancipation Proclamation a
turning point in the Civil War?
a. It proposed a peace treaty with the Confederate
states.
b. It established a Freedmen′s Bureau to help freed
slaves.
c. It provided a plan for Reconstruction.
d. It freed slaves in the Confederate states still
fighting.
Which best explains the objective of the Lewis and Clark
expedition?
a. To become the first Americans to navigate the Rio
Grande River
b. To destroy the power of American Indians along the
Missouri River
c. To defeat the French and take control of the Louisiana
Territory for the United States
d. To map and explore the territory of the Louisiana
Purchase
Which person is most associated with
education reform?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Horace Mann
Lucretia Mott
Theodore Weld
Elizabeth Stanton
Each of the following was a point of tension
between the North and the South prior to the Civil
War EXCEPT:
a. The issue of slavery
b. Agrarian economy versus the industrial economy
c. State rights versus the power of the federal
government
d. The belief that the Constitution was the ultimate
law of the land.
In what way did William Lloyd Garrison’s The Liberator increase sectional
tensions in the antebellum United States?
a.
Garrison insisted that westward expansion would destroy the
traditional culture of America.
b. Garrison supported the institution of slavery because he argued
that slaves had a better living standard than workers in northern cities.
c.
Garrison insisted that the values of western farmers were superior
to those in the East.
d. Garrison angered southern slave owners by condemning slavery on
moral grounds and demanding immediate emancipation and racial
equality.
Why were the novels by James Fennimore Cooper (Last of the
Mohicans, etc.) considered the first novels to reflect a truly U.S.
culture?
a. Cooper’s style reminded people of European authors as he
wrote about many of the same themes.
b. Cooper portrayed the frontier and themes distinct to those
living in the U.S.
c. Cooper was the first to produce a publish piece of fiction
after the Revolutionary War.
d. Cooper wrote about figures in U.S. society, like Washington
and Jefferson.
What Christian belief most specifically applied
to the abolitionist movement?
a. All people are equal in the eyes of God with
an equal right to liberty.
b. Believers should attend church services.
c. People should observe the Sabbath.
d. Jesus was resurrected.
Of the following, which is an example of the spoils system
put in place by Andrew Jackson?
a. A loyal supporter receives special consideration when it
comes to legislation that the president intends to push
through Congress.
b. A loyal supporter is given a position in government as a
reward for his support.
c. A loyal supporter is promised money for his support.
d. A loyal supporter is forgotten by the president after the
election; thus the term “spoils.”
Which problem did the Missouri Compromise
and the Compromise of 1850 attempt to solve?
a. Extension of slavery into the western
territories
b. Equitable distribution of frontier lands to the
owners of small farms
c. Placement of protective tariffs on foreign
imports
d. Need for internal improvements in
transportation
Which of the following best describes economic factors that led
to sectionalism prior to the Civil War?
a. The northern economy was primarily agricultural, while the
southern economy was based on manufacturing.
b. Jobs on plantations attracted more European immigrants to
the South than to the North.
c. Transportation systems were more developed in the North
than in the South.
d. The southern economy was more diversified than the
northern economy.
Which best describes Abraham Lincoln’s
main goal at the beginning of the Civil
War?
a.
b.
c.
d.
preserving the Union
emancipating slaves
destroying the concept of states’ rights
punishing Confederate states
According to the principle of popular sovereignty,
a. Congress would determine whether a territory
would have slavery.
b. Territorial legislatures would determine whether
a territory would have slavery.
c. Settlers would determine whether a territory
would have slavery.
d. The Supreme Court would determine whether a
territory would have slavery.
Which of the following BEST describes why the Southern states
seceded?
a. They felt that the Union was weak and could be easily
defeated.
b. They were encouraged to secede by foreign governments
prepared to come to their aid if they rebelled.
c. They felt that it was only a matter of time before Lincoln
and the Republicans would move to abolish slavery and they
wanted to protect their state sovereignty.
d. They felt that it was only a matter of time before Union
forces attacked and wanted to organize an army.
Which answer best describes the relationship between
the South firing on Fort Sumter and the Civil War?
a. The South firing on Fort Sumter caused President
Lincoln to call out state militias.
b. The South firing on Fort Sumter caused the South to
form a confederation.
c. The South firing on Fort Sumter caused the North to
back down.
d. The South firing on Fort Sumter finally started the
Civil War.
Which of the following was NOT part of the Supreme
Court’s decision in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857)?
a. According to the Constitution, no slave or
descendant of a save is a citizen.
b. Just because Dred Scott had lived on free soil did
not mean he was not a slave.
c. The Missouri Compromise applied to Dred Scott
because he was a citizen of Missouri.
d. Dred Scott couldn’t bring a case to federal court.
The Emancipation Proclamation freed
a. All African-Americans.
b. Only slaves in the loyal border
states.
c. All slaves.
d. Only slaves in the Confederacy.
Which one of the following was NOT a
Northern advantage throughout the war?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Greater population
Industrial superiority
Familiar terrain and public support
Greater access to natural resources
Which of the following was true of General Robert E. Lee?
a. He was not very skilled as a military leader.
b. He burned a path from Atlanta to Savannah as he
made his famed “march to the sea.”
c. He was offered command of the Union army by
President Lincoln, but he could not bring himself to fight
against his home state of Virginia.
d. His most impressive victory came at the battle of
Gettysburg.
Which statement best defines the Jim Crow laws?
a. Laws restricting the sale of alcoholic beverages in
the Southern states.
b. Laws that segregated Southern life, and forbade
African-Americans from using the same facilities as
whites.
c. Laws passed by Radical Republicans.
d. Laws guaranteeing the voting rights of former
slaves.
Which event best marks the end of the Reconstruction period in
the South?
a. All southern states had met the requirements set by Congress
for statehood.
b. President Grant chose not to run for reelection to a third term
as president.
c. The Radical Republicans in Congress decided that
Reconstruction was a failure and a waste of government funds.
d. Republican Rutherford B. Hayes made a deal in order to
defeat Democrat Samuel Tilden in the presidential election.
How did the Civil War and Reconstruction influence the balance
of power between the states and the federal government?
a. The states became more powerful.
b. The rights of states to secede from the Union were reaffirmed.
c. The federal government became more powerful, although in
some cases, local governments found ways to challenge this
power.
d. The states completely yielded all power to the federal
government.
Which of the following best describes the plight of African-Americans in
the South during Reconstruction?
a. They received help from federal agencies like the Freedmen’s Bureau,
but without land, money, or education; and because of the black codes,
they often found themselves reduced to the equivalent of slave labor as
sharecroppers.
b. They were denied citizenship and never became a political force in the
South.
c. They were harassed by the Ku Klux Klan, but rarely were they the
victims of violence. It would not be until the 20th century that the Ku
Klux Klan would begin using violence as a means of intimidation.
d. They relied on grandfather clauses and Jim Crow laws to ensure that
they exercised their right to vote.