Transcript On paper, who do you think should win the war?


Essential Question:
Identify significant
individuals and events
concerning Texas in
the Civil War

Main Idea:
Defending Texas and
its trade routes to
international ports was
vital for the
Confederate economy
during the war.
Union & Confederacy in 1861
 The
3 Strategies to
Union victory
o Invade Virginia and
capture Richmond,
the Southern
Confederate capital
o Gain control of the
Mississippi River
o Blockade all
southern ports
 Large
population – 22
million people
 Huge
 75%
factories
of railroads
 Bigger
Navy
 Fighting
a
defensive war
 Superior
leaders
 Better
skills
military
soldier
 Highly
motivated


On paper, who do
you think should
win the war? The
North or the
South? Why?
Do you think the
South should have
invaded the
North? Why or why
not?
5th Texas Infantry
Regiment, Co. K
 The
Young “Johnny Reb”
ready for war
Confederate
Congress passed the
Conscription Act that
required men b/w
the ages of 18 and 35
to serve in the
Confederate military.
However, the act
excused some
people allowing the
hiring of substitutes.
 60,000 Texans
 Texas
Frances
Lubbock
governors
Frances Lubbock
(1861-1863)
Pendleton Murrah
(1863-1865)
James W.
Throckmorton (18661867)
 originally voted against
secession but couldn’t
fight against Texas
Pendleton
Murrah
 Most
famous Texan in
Civil War
 Second-highest
ranking Confederate
General that fought
and died at the Battle
of Shiloh in
Tennessee—huge
blow to the
Confederacy



Hood’s Texas Brigade – Gen.
Robert E. Lee called them
his “finest soldiers”; led by
John Bell Hood
Terry’s Texas Rangers –
fought in more battles than
any other cavalry regiment
(200); led by Benjamin F.
Terry
Ross’s Texas Brigade –
fought primarily in the
western Trans-Mississippi
River department; led by
future governor and Texas
A&M President Lawrence
Sullivan Ross
Lawrence Sullivan
Ross
 2,000 Texas
Unionists
 50 were African
American soldiers
African American
Texan Milton Holland
was rewarded the
Medal of Honor for his
bravery on the
battlefield.

Mexican-Americans
served on both sides of
the war.
Most joined the Union
because of pay and their
stance against slavery

Confederate vigilantes
hanged about 40
Unionists in
Gainesville, TX in 1862.
 State’s
Union gunboat docked at
Galveston port
busiest
seaport
 Cotton is shipped
through Mexican
waters and sold to
England and France
 Union ships capture
port in Oct. 1862
 CSA led by John B.
Magruder retakes
port in Jan. 1863
Texas-Mexico Trade
Routes
Texas was economically important to the Confederacy because the
Confederacy was able to conduct foreign trade through Mexico by
way of Texas.
"There is no parallel in ancient or modern warfare to the victory of
Dowling and his men at Sabine Pass considering the great odds
against which they had to contend" President Jefferson Davis
The Battle of
Sabine Pass
Sept. 8, 1863
The CSA Davis Guards led by Dick
Dowling turned back the Union
invasion of Texas when they took 350
Union soldiers prisoner and captured
2 ships. Very important victory for the
Confederacy.

November 1863: Union
forces capture
Brownsville, TX
This hurts the CSA
because cotton and
weapons move through
the port for the CSA

CSA Colonel John S.
Ford drove the Union
Army back and
recaptured it in July
1864.
 Thomas “Tom” Green,
a former member of
the congress of the
Republic and a
veteran of the Battle
of San Jacinto and
Mexican-American
War, led a small CSA
force that defeated
and captured 2,000
Union forces in east
TX/western LA.


April 9, 1865: Confederate
Gen. Robert E. Lee
surrendered to U.S. Gen.
Ulysses S. Grant at
Appomattox Courthouse;
ends the war.
May 13, 1865: Confederate
forces led by John S. Ford
defeat Union troops in
Texas at Palmito Ranch –
the final land battle of the
war.
• The Confederates did NOT
know Lee had surrendered a
month earlier! They were
informed by Union prisoners
of the news!


The North’s victory in the
Civil War meant the
Union was preserved.
On April 14 (five days
after Appomattox), an
actor and southern
sympathizer named John
Wilkes Booth
assassinated President
Lincoln in Ford’s Theater
in Washington D.C. As a
result of this tragic event,
the whole nation grieved
together.
Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)
The Assassination
Lincoln’s Deathbed
The Execution of the Conspirators
As a result of the
South’s surrender, the
Texas state
government collapsed
due to lack of
leadership.
 Governor Pendleton
Murrah fled to Mexico
in June 1865 to escape
Union troops. This
action resulted in Texas
being lawless for a
brief period of time.
