Transcript Civil War - Merrillville Community School

Civil War Battles
1861-1865
Civil War Battles
• 1861
• 1862
– Eastern Theatre
– Western Theatre
• 1863
– Eastern Theatre
– Western Theatre
• 1864
• 1865
1861
• Fort Sumter
• Bull Run
Fort Sumter
• April 12, 1861
• Confederate
Victory
• Union Surrenders
after 34 hour
bombardment
• Beauregard
commanded the
South, Anderson
commanded the
Fort for the Union
• No casualties
during the battle
• 4 Union
casualties during
the surrender
ceremony 1 killed
and 3 Wounded
• Starts the Civil
War
Bull Run
• July 21, 1861
• North-McDowell
• SouthBeauregard and
Johnston
• Confederate
Victory
• Stonewall is Born
• South fails to
advance and
capture
Washington D.C.
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
Eastern Theatre 1862
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•
Merrimack vs. Monitor
Peninsula Campaign
Antietam
Fredericksburg
Fredericksburg
• CSA-Lee
• USA-Burnside
• Burnside is too cautious
and does not take the
town early. Union soldiers
are forced to march
through an open field to
attack Confederates who
were behind a wall and
on top of a hill
• Major Union defeat
Angel of Marye’s Heights
Richard Kirtland
Merrimack vs. Monitor
March 1862
• C.S.S.
Virginia(Merrim
ack)
• Battle ends in a
draw
• U.S.S. Monitor
• Presence of the
Monitor stops
the Merrimack
from stopping
the U.S.
Blockade
Peninsula Campaign
• March-July 1862
• Series of Battles
near Richmond,
Virginia
• CSA-Lee
• USA-McClellan
• Objective was to
take Richmond
• Lincoln fear D.C. is
vulnerable to attack
calls off McClellan
• Draw
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Antietam
September 1862
CSA- Lee
USA –McClellan
Lee’s Order #191
found by an
Indiana Private
Sunken Road
Miller’s Cornfield
Burnside’s Bridge
More Americans
die on this day,
than any other
battle in
Western Theatre 1862
• Fort Henry and Fort Donelson
• Shiloh
• New Orleans
New Orleans
April 25–May 1, 1862
• Battle to control the
mouth of the
Mississippi River
• USA-Farragut
• Farragut is able to
get his ships past
the defenses of New
Orleans and is able
to control the city
and later the port.
• Damn the
Torpedoes, Full
Speed Ahead
Shiloh
April 6-7, 1862
• USA-Grant/Sherman
• CSA-Beauregard/
S.Johnston
Conf. Catch Union by
surprise pin them
against the Tenn.
River.
Union regroups the
second day
•
•
•
•
•
Costly Union Victory
Hornet’s Nest
Bloody Pond
Union Gunboats
Grant criticized as a
butcher
Fort Henry and Fort Donelson
February 6, 1862 February 11-16, 1862
• USA- Grant
• Two key forts along the
Tennessee and
Cumberland Rivers in
Tennessee
• Both Union victories
• Grant issues an order
of an unconditional
surrender
• Helps with the
Anaconda Plan
• Used both naval and
army forces to win
the battle
• Estimated
Casualties 17,398
total (US 2,331; CS
15,067)
Eastern Theatre 1863
• Chancerllorsville
• Gettysburg
Gettysburg
• USA-Meade
• CSA-Lee
• Turning point of
the War
• Lee goes into
battle without
proper
information
• July 1,2,3 1863
• Union Victory
-Lack of water for
Hood’s men at Devil
Den
-Rebels are spotted
looking for shoes in
Gettysburg and the
battle ensues
-On the third day, The
Union uses a
fishhook to stop
Pickett’s Charge
Fishhook Defense
Chancellorsville
• USA-Hooker
• CSA-Jackson
• Lee splits his forces up at Fredericksburg
and has Jackson launch a surpise attack on
the Union
• Jackson is later mistakenly shot by his own
men at night
• Jackson dies of pneumonia as a result of the
wounds
• Confederate Victory
Western Theatre 1863
• Vicksburg
• Chickamauga
Vicksburg
• "Vicksburg is the
key. The war can
never be brought to
a close until the key
is in our pocket,"
said. Union
President
Abraham Lincoln
• "Vicksburg is the
nail head that holds
the South's two
halves together,"
said Confederate
President Jefferson
Davis
Chickamauga
• CSA-Braxton
Bragg
• USA-William
Rosecrans
• CSA Victory
• Fought because
of the need to
control
Chattanooga.
Vicksburg
• USA-Grant
• CSA-Pemberton
• Union Siege
Victory
• Allowed the
Union to
control the
Mississippi
River
1864
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•
•
Wilderness
Cold Harbor
Siege of Petersburg
Atlanta
Sherman’s March to the Sea
Cold Harbor
May 31 - June 12, 1864
• CSA Lee
• USA Grant
• Virginia, near
Richmond
• Grant orders an all
out assault against
the Confederates
• Confederate Victory
• 7 Union casualty to
1 Confederate
casualty
• Grant
underestimates the
fighting spirit of the
South
• Grant criticized as
being a butcher
Siege of Petersburg
Most of 1864
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•
•
•
USA-Grant
CSA-Lee
Near Richmond
Spring of 1864 to
Spring 1865
• Trench Battles
• For the control of
the railroad that
leads to Richmond
• Penn. Miners decide
to dig a tunnel
under the
Confederates and
fill it with gun
powder and blow
them up.
• Draw
Wilderness
• USA Grant May 5-7, 1864
• CSA Lee
• Fought near Chancerlorsville in a
dense woods
• Soldiers get lost in the woods and
fighting is very brutal.
• Draw, but the U.S. does not pull
away like it usually does. Grant
will fight Lee.
• Estimated Casualties: 29,800 total
(US 18,400; CS 11,400)
Atlanta
July 22, 1864
• USA-Sherman
• CSA-Hood
• Key city of the
South
• Atlanta is partially
burned by the
troops
• Union Victory
• Starts Sherman’s
March to the Sea
• Estimated
Casualties:
12,140 total (US
3,641; CS 8,499)
Sherman’s March to the Sea
Nov-Dec 1864
• Starts in Atlanta: Go to Savannah,
Georgia
• Destroy all factories or anything
that has military need.
• Total war
• US soldiers forage for food
• Union Victory
• Interactive Map
1865
• Beginning of the End
– Five Forks
– Fall of Richmond
– Fall of Petersburg
– Appomattox Courthouse