Transcript Civil war pptx

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Leaders
Union
The president for the Union
was Abraham Lincoln
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n1.jpg
Confederates
The president for the Confederates
was Jefferson Davis
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es/jefferson_davis.jpg
Who was Involved
The Union
States that remained loyal to the United States
• Their states included California, Connecticut,
Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky,
Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan,
Minnesota, Nevada, New Hampshire, New York, New
Jersey, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island,
Vermont, and West Virginia
Who was Involved
Border States
Border States were pro slavery but did not want to
secede.
These states were
West Virginia,
Kentucky, Missouri,
Delaware, and
Maryland
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Who was Involved
Confederate States
These states were for slavery and states rights
and also wanted to secede.
The states that seceded before Lincoln’s election
were South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida,
Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas
After his election Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee,
and North Carolina seceded too
Alliances for Confederates
• Two of the Confederates allies were Great
Britain and France
• Great Britain helped them by building ships
such as the CSS Alabama
• Provided them with supplies for the war in
return for cotton
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Battle at Fort Sumter
• On Aril 12, 1861 Brigadier General Beauregard called
for an attack on Fort Sumter in Charleston, South
Carolina
• The battle lasted 2 days and surprisingly there were
no fatalities
• The Union’s Major Anderson surrendered on April
14th
• There were 500 Confederates
and only 85 Union troops
• Battle was the beginning
of the Civil War
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1st Battle of Bull Run
July 21, 1861 in Manassas, Virginia
• The Union, led by Brigadier General Irvin McDowell
hoped to obtain the Confederates capital in
Richmond , Virginia
• Brigadier General Beauregard controlled the
Confederates while Colonel “Stonewall” Jackson
held Confederate’s
ground
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t/leefoundation/Confederate
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_Jackson.jpg
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1st Battle of Bull Run
• Colonel “Stonewall” Jackson was able to hold the
Union until reinforcements came
• With new supplies Confederate troops made the
Union troops retreat
• Casualties: Union- 2,896 Confederate-1,982
• After this war both sides realized that the war would
be longer than expected and full of casualties
• 28,000 Union men vs.
33,000 Confederates
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es/media/slideshow/civil-warbattles-of-bull-run/gravesbull-run.jpg
Battle of Gettysburg
July 1-3, 1863 Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
• Major General George Meade led his army to ward
off invading Confederate troops
• General Robert. E Lee of the Confederates headed
north with his troops towards Philadelphia
• 93,921 Union soldiers vs. 71,699 Confederates
• The 1st day the Confederates drove the Union troops
away
• The 2nd day Union troops were able to hold their line
Battle of Gettysburg
• On the 3rd day 12,500 Confederate soldiers charged
Union troops but were held off by the Union
• Casualties: Union- 23,055 Confederates- 23,231
• This battle was known as the turning point for the
Union
• The battle was fought in the North because
Confederate Generals
wanted the North
to become tired of
the war
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2nd Battle of Fort Fisher
January 13-15, 1865 Fort Fisher , North Carolina
• In the 1st battle Union troops lost so they came back
with more firepower the second time
Union Generals
• Major Alfred Terry who had 9,000 troops
• Also there was Rear Admiral David D. Porter who was
in charge of 60 Union ships
Confederate Generals
• Major W.H.C Whiting led 1,900 troops at the fort
• Robert. F. Hoke commanded 6,4000 troops north of
the fort
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2nd Battle of Fort Fisher
• For 2 days Porter’s ships attacked the fort
• At 2:30pm the naval assault stopped and led to a land
attack
• During the combat General Whiting was killed
• At 10:00pm the confederates surrendered
• Casualties: Union- 1,388 Confederate-583
• Union ships were able to make it up the river and get
to Wilmington which was the Confederates last port
• They then closed down the port and the
Confederates were left with no place to get supplies
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Battle of Appomattox Courthouse
April 9, 1865
• In a final attempt, General Lee abandoned the
Confederate capital
• While heading South he was cutoff by General Grant
• April 8th- While Lee was waiting for supplies Union
Cavalry arrived first and burned it
• April 9th- Lee’s troops make it to the ridge and see
that they are outnumbered
• Soon after Lee withdrew
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20Lee
Battle of Appomattox Courthouse
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Surrender
April 9th at 11:30am Lee sends a letter saying they
surrendered
This was the end of the war
Terms
Major artillery turned over
No imprisonment for treason
Side arms, horses and
mules would stay
Casualties: Union- 164
Confederate-500
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Weapons
Cannons
• Napoleon- 12 lb shot
• Howitzer- 12, 24, and 32 lb shot
• Both were effective anywhere from 250-1,700 yards
Rifles
• Used by Confederates and Union
• Muzzle loaded
• Only 2 or 3 shots a minute
• Accurate from 100-400 yards
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1865-FullLength.JPG
Weapons
Pistols
• Colt 1851 Navy: Confederates used this gun, 6 shots
• Over 250,000 were made from 1851-1873
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• Colt Army 1860: Used by Union, 6 shots
• About 200,000 were made from 1860-1873
Weapons
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Swords
1850 Army officer’s sword
The whole length of officer’s sword was 89cm
Bayonet: Normally attached to rifle for close combat
Also used as a normal knife to cut things
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duct/display_1130_US_M1850_FOOT_OFFICERS_S
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Vehicles
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• Most people either walked or had a horse if they
were lucky
• Steam trains were used for transporting goods
Ships
• They were very important to both sides
• The Confederates used ships to get supplies from
foreign countries
• The Union used them to close off the Confederates
ports
• C.S.S North Carolina sank because it was ironclad
How the Civil War ended
• On April 9, 1865 General Lee surrendered when he saw
that they had no chance anymore
• This was not the end though because 175,000
Confederates were still unaware of this
• For a few more months minor
battles were fought
between the two sides
• Finally on June 23, 1865
all the Confederate troops
gave their final surrender
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How did the Civil War affect America’s
future?
• One of the ways it affected our future was it kept the
United States together
• Also it ended slavery across the country for good
• If the Confederates have won it is possible that the
United States could be two different countries
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