Transcript AHSGE Test Vocabulary Social Studies

AHSGE Test
Vocabulary
Social Studies
Dr. Patrick Cain
SEHS Assistant Principal
Elmore County Schools
Mrs. Julie Turner
School Improvement Specialist
Dothan City Schools
Nationalism
the unique cultural
identity of a people
based on common
language, religion, and
national symbols
Militarism
Reliance on
military strength
Mobilization
the process of
assembling troops
and supplies and
making them ready
for war
Imperialism
The extension of a
nation’s power
over other lands
Ratification
approval by the
states
Embargo
Prohibiting
entry or
departure of
ships
Preamble
The Preamble states the
purpose of establishing a
new government under
the Constitution. The
Preamble does not
establish any law.
Carpetbaggers
People who came
from the North to
do business in the
South after the
Civil War.
Progressivism
A political movement that
crossed party lines which
believed that industrialism and
urbanization had created many
social problems and that
government should take a more
active role in dealing with these
problems.
Open Door Policy
A policy that allowed each
foreign nation in China to
trade freely in the other
nations’ spheres of
influence.
Reconstruction
The reorganization
and rebuilding of the
former Confederate
states after the Civil
War.
Monopoly
A company that is
the only supplier
for its particular
industry.
Yellow Press
A type of journalism that
is sensational, biased, and
often false reporting for
the sake of attracting
readers.
Social Darwinism
Drawing from Darwin’s
observation of animals in
the wild. This philosophy
states that only the
strongest survive. Life is a
contest for the survival of
the fittest.
Emancipation
Proclamation
President Lincoln issued the
Emancipation Proclamation, on
January 1, 1863, freeing the
slaves in Confederate states,
while maintaining slavery in the
border states loyal to the Union.
Rationing
The giving out
of scarce items
on a limited
basis
Attrition
The act of
wearing down by
constant
harassment or
attack.
Racism
Prejudice or
discrimination
against someone
because of his or
her race
Conservative
A person who believes
government power,
particularly in the economy
should be limited in order to
maximize individual
freedom.
Scalawags
Southerners who
supported
Reconstruction.
Conquistador
Spanish for conqueror,
the men who led the
expeditions to conquer
the Americas.
Columbian Exchange
Series of complex societal
and environmental
interactions between
Europe and the Americas
begun with Columbus’s
first voyage
Impressment
A kind of legalized
kidnapping in which
people are forced
into military service.
Manifest Destiny
Idea popular in the
United States during
the 1800s that the
country must expand its
boundaries to the
Pacific Ocean
Abolitionists
People who were
for the immediate
ending of slavery.
Temperance
Moderation in
or abstinence
from alcohol
Utopia
Community based
on a vision of a
perfect society
sought by
reformers
Spoils System
Practice of handing out
government jobs to
supporters; replacing
government employees
with the winning
candidate’s supporters
Nullification
Theory that
states have the
right to declare a
federal law
invalid
Secession
Withdrawal from
the Union
Populism
Political movement founded in the
1890s representing mainly
farmers, favoring free coinage of
silver and government control of
railroads and other large
industries
Muckraker
A journalist who
uncovers abuses
and corruption in
a society
Rough Riders
A volunteer cavalry
regiment, commanded by
Leonard Wood and
Theodore Roosevelt, that
served in the SpanishAmerican-Cuban War.
Roosevelt Corollary
An extension of the Monroe
Doctrine, announced by
President Theodore Roosevelt in
1904, under which the United
States claimed the right to
protect its economic interests by
means of military intervention in
the affairs of Western
Hemisphere nations.
Crusades
A series of Christian military
expeditions to the Middle East
between A.D. 1096 and 1270,
intended to drive the Muslims
from the Holy Land
Reformation
A religious movement in 16thcentury Europe, growing out of
a desire for reform in the
Roman Catholic Church and
leading to the establishment of
various Protestant churches.
Compromise
A series of congressional
measures intended to settle
the major disagreements
between free states and
slave states
Urbanization
The growth of
cities