Transcript The Civil War Period 1845-1880

The Civil War
Period
1845-1880
The Lead-up to the War
• John Brown’s Raid —Brown and his
followers killed 5 proslavery men in Kansas
in 1856. In 1859 he tries to stage an
uprising at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, hoping
to free African American slaves. He is
captured, tried, and executed.
• Republicans opposed the expansion of
slavery westward, and with the election of
Abraham Lincoln, 7 states succeeded from
the Union
• The attack on Fort Sumter on April 12,
1861 was the first hostile attack of the war
The War Between the North and South
• The 23 Northern states, primarily anti-slavery,
were known as The Union States and included
states such as Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana,
Kansas, Maine, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio,
Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont
• The 11 Southern states, primarily pro-slavery,
were known as The Confederate States and
included states such as Alabama, Delaware,
Georgia, Kentucky, the Carolinas, Louisiana,
Maryland, Tennessee, and the Virginias
The Two Opposing Leaders
Abraham Lincoln
Jefferson Davis
President of the United
States of America
President of The Confederate
States of America
Two Opposing Generals
General Ulysses S. Grant
General Robert E. Lee
Of the Federal Army
Of the Confederate Army
Going to War
Just like…
The war
sometimes
pitted brother
against brother.
Whole families
were shattered
by the war of the
states.
Utter Devastation on Both Sides
Civil War Field Hospital
Important Dates and Battles
•
April 6-7, 1862– The Battle of Shiloh
•
September 17, 1862– The Battle of
Antietam
•
January 1, 1863– The Emancipation
Proclamation is signed by Abraham
Lincoln, freeing all slaves in rebellious
states
Important Dates Cont’d
• July 1-3, 1863– The Battle of Gettysburg
--the turning point of the war, the
Confederacy loses its hold in the war
• April 9,1865—Lee surrenders, war ends
The Numbers
• The Union had 2,200,000 soldiers, while the
Confederacy had 1,064,000.
• 110,000 Union were killed in action, with a
total of 360,000 killed; 275,000 were
wounded
• 93,000 Confederates were killed in action,
with a total of 258,000 killed; 137,000 were
wounded
• Around 6,000,000 total die
The Aftermath
• For 11 years after the war, America went
through a period of Reconstruction
• The economy grew and industry in the
North expanded; since most of the war
had taken place in the South, they
essentially had to start rebuilding from the
bottom
During This Time
• From 1846-1857, the consumption of alcohol is
outlawed in 13 sates
• The sewing machine is invented
• Alexander Graham Bell invents the telephone in
1876
• Levi’s denim blue jeans become popular
Baseball becomes a popular pastime—the Cincinnati
Red Stockings becomes the first all-professional team
What People Are Writing
• Letters and Diaries —to record daily lives
during the war
• Memoirs —Soldiers and civilians publish
these to give day-to-day details of major
events of the war
• Works that are more realistic than romantic
WHY DO YOU NEED TO KNOW THIS?
• To compare the lives and events of soldiers
and civilians in the past to those of today
• To understand the inner workings of one
of America’s most important wars and
gain perspective of those on all sides