Transcript Manifest Destiny & the Compromise of 1850

Manifest Destiny & the
Compromise of 1850
Westward Movement
1783 Treaty of Paris: Western territoryMS River established as U.S. western
border. U.S. expands from Appalachian
mtns to MS River.
 Land for agriculture: cotton in the south.
Alabama & MS established as states
 Mining and shipping in the north; fast
running rivers and Great Lakes allowed for
manufacturing in north.
 Need for Erie Canal and transportation
systems (to Chicago)
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Louisiana Purchase, 1803
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Port of New Orleans; Control of MS River
and all of Great Lakes
Cheap LAND! doubled size of U.S.
Lewis & Clark Expedition
President: Jefferson
Southwestern boundary Sabine
War of 1812 caused the need for U.S. to
produce its own goods; needed land and
resources. Louisiana Territory helped
satisfy that need.
Florida, 1819
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Controlled by Spain originally (Gulf Coast)
Adams-Onis Treaty- U.S. gets Florida and Spain
owns Texas (Indian Problem).
Agricultural land for rice, sugar, and citrus
Peninsula: fishing, seafood and port
opportunities (alligator skins)
Panhandle of the U.S.
Proximity to West Indies trade partners
President Monroe
Talk it out!
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The first land acquisition of the U.S. was…
Geographically it was between the two
landforms….
The U.S. Purchased in 1803….
The Port of New Orleans gave the U.S. full
control of…
Because of Native disruption, the Adams-Onis
Treaty gave...
Each of these gave the U.S. resources for…
Texas Annexation
 Cheap land good for agriculture
 Extended Gulf coast control
 Population fought in Texas Revolution;
pro-America ideals
 James K. Polk, president
 The Mexican Government refused to
recognize Texas’ independence.
 Admitting Texas into the union was an
act of war to Mexico
Texas Rangers
Served as scouts and guides for U.S.
 Most familiar w/Texas’ landscape to guide
troops into Mexico
 The Rangers became well-known for their
fighting ability as well as their lack of
discipline and wild behavior. They were
commanded by Ben McCulloch.
 Training for future Civil War among
Rangers
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Los Diablos Tejanos
Talk it out!
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Mexico never recognized…
Three reasons that made Texas attractive…
Mexico considered Texas annexation…
The group of Texas soldiers that served as
scouts for the U.S. Military…
Mexican Cession: Mexican-Am War
Both sides engage at the Rio Grande River
 Polk said: “Mexico has passed the
boundary of the United States, has invaded
our territory, and shed American blood
upon the Am. soil.”
 The U.S. declared war on Mexico on May
13, 1846.
 Gold discovered in California Mtns
 Extended U.S. boundaries to Pacific Ocean
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Future
states:
California,
New
Mexico,
Arizona,
Nevada,
Wyoming,
Utah, and
Colorado
Agriculture; gold, silver and salt mining
U.S. troops capture Mexico City
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
1848
 Ended
the Mexican-American War
 Rio Grande set as boundary between
U.S. and Mexico
 Mexico surrendered Texas and the
lands west of Texas for $15 Million
 Cession-to surrender; lands
surrendered by Mexico were known
as Mexican Cession.
California Gold Rush-1849
Talk it out!
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The U.S. might have been interested in
Mexican Cession lands…
The Mexican-American War ended with…
The International border…
According to the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
the U.S. paid…
Mexico then surrendered…
The Oregon Trail-1846
Oregon Treaty
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Established NW border at 49th Parallel w/British
Slogan: “54-40 or fight”, attributed to parallel
disputes of NW boundary; Pres. Polk
States-Oregon, WA, ID, parts MT and WY
Northern expansionists wanted the territory as
anti-slavery to offset Texas pro-slave state.
Fur and beaver trading in earliest exploration
Lewis & Clark discovered fertile soil in the
Willamette Valley (Columbia River)
Ports on Pacific NW; fishing, seafood, timber
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Mercer Brides-(Seven Brides for Seven Brothers)
Gadsden Purchase
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U.S. needed for Transcontinental Railroad
Southern portions of Arizona and New
Mexico
U.S. paid $10 Million for the new territory
30K square miles
Talk it out!
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After Texas was Annexed, the British…
The NW border between Canada and the U.S…
The resources of Oregon Country…
Due to lack of population, men at the logging
camps…
The U.S. needed the southern portions of
modern-day Arizona and New Mexico to…
Slavery-main issue w/Manifest Destiny
Battle over the balance of free and slave
states admitted into the union
(Representation)
 Abolitionists wanted to outlaw slavery at
least in Washington D.C.
 Dispute of Texas borders added to the
controversy of slavery.
 In the pres. Election of 1844, Polk
supported Texas Annexation but ignored
issue of Oregon Territory (anti-slavery)
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The Compromise of 1850
California comes in as a free-state. It
offsets Texas slave state (representatives)
 DC abolishes slave trade
 Texas boundaries are established
 Fugitive Slave Act- Northern states had to
enforce the return of run-away-slaves
 Popular Sovereignty- slavery in the
Mexican Cession lands is decided by
popular sovereignty.
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Four Plans
BREAKUP OF TEXAS: Four different plans for
the borders of TX were proposed in the
boundary dispute. Here are the first three: