Transcript Civil War Battles

Civil War Battles
Battles
• The first large battle did not take place
until 3 months after Ft. Sumter
• Battles were named differently in the
North and South
– North named battles after the nearest body of
water (creek, river, etc)
– South named battles after the nearest town
First Bull Run
July 21, 1861
Confederate General:
Stonewall Jackson
Union General:
McDowell
Victory:
Confederacy
Significance:
Spectators came to
watch; proved this was not
going to be a short war
VA & NC Coast
March 9, 1862
Confederate General:
Union General:
Victory:
N/A
Significance:
Use of iron armor for
ships; Confederates ship was
once a Union ship; beginning
of the end of wooden warships
Tennessee to New Orleans
(War in the West)
Feb-April 1862
Confederate General:
Bragg
Johnston
Beauregard
Union Generals:
Grant (West)
Farragut (New Orleans)
Victory:
Union
Significance:
Grant drove
Confederates out of Western KY
and TN; boosted northern morale;
took New Orleans but not
Mississippi River
Seven Days Battle
June 26- July 2, 1862
Confederate General:
Lee
Union General:
McClellan
Victory:
Confederate
Significance:
McClellan forced to
retreat to Washington; crushed
northern morale; McClellan
replaced
Second Bull Run
August 28-29, 1862
Confederate General:
Lee
Union General:
Pope
Victory:
Confederate
Significance:
Energized Lee and led
Lincoln to return McClellan to
command; South was pushing
North
Antietam
September 17, 1862
Confederate General:
Lee
Union General:
McClellan
Victory:
Union
Significance:
Lee hoped to inspire a
pro-Confederate uprising in MD;
Lee’s plans were found in a cigar;
bloodiest single day battle; Lincoln
issues Emancipation Proclamation
Gettysburg
July 1-3, 1863
Confederate General:
Lee
Pickett
Union General:
Meade
Chamberlain
Victory:
Union
Significance:
Turning Point!!
Farthest the South would ever get
in the North
Vicksburg
July 4, 1863
Confederate General:
Pemberton
Union General:
Grant
Victory:
Union
Significance:
Union put the city of
Vicksburg under siege for six
weeks; Union captured the
Mississippi River and divided the
Confederacy
Chattanooga to the Sea
“Sherman’s March”
June- December 1864
Confederate General:
Lee
Union General:
Sherman
Victory:
Union
Significance:
Total War; Sherman’s
army tore up railroad tracks,
destroyed buildings, and
vandalized homes; took Atlanta,
Savannah and headed north;
helped Lincoln win re-election;
demoralized the south
Appomattox Court House
April 9, 1865
Confederate General:
Lee
Union General:
Grant
Victory:
Union
Significance:
Generous terms of
surrender; strengthened the federal
gov’t power of states; ended
slavery (13th amendment); South
left socially and economically
ruined
Lincoln Assassination
April 14, 1865
•On April 14 just days after Lee
surrendered, Lincoln went to Ford
Theatre to enjoy a show
•John Wilkes Booth approached the
box and shot Lincoln in the back of
the head
•Booth was shot and killed several
days later while hiding in a barn
•Part of a plot to kill many
members of the government
•Lincoln’s death had a deep
political impact- the strong, skilled
leader was gone
War’s Lasting Impact
•Economy:
•Surge in manufacturing
•South was ruined
•Society:
•Southerners were in mourning
•African Americans were
disoriented, but had hope
•Government and Politics:
•Eased the disunity in American
political life
•Overtime the regions would
intertwine
•Helped cement federal authority