Transcript Ch. 11 PPT Notes

First shots
Jefferson Davis chooses to turn peaceful secession
into war>>fires on Ft. Sumter
• Fall of Ft. Sumter unites North
• Virginia unwilling to fight South >secedes
• Union’s goals>>>>
• advantages??
• Anaconda Plan
• Blockade southern ports, divide confederacy in the
west, capture Richmond, Confederate capital
• Confederate advantages?
• Confederate Strategy=Defense
Gen. Stonewall Jackson -1st major battle of the Civil WarConfederate Victory
Lincoln appoints McClellan- calls for 1 million soldiers for
the army
• Shiloh>>Confederate troops surprise
attack Union
• General George McClellan -1st
Commanding Union General
• General Ulysses S. Grant given
command of the west
LESSONS LEARNED>>> preparation
needed before battles
• http://www.history.co
m/topics/reconstructio
n/videos#civil-war
Antietam
• Lee leads attack into Maryland
• Bloodiest single day battle
• Confederates retreat but McClellan does not
go after Lee
• Lincoln fires McClellan after this huge defeat
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New weapons
Rifles faster, more accurate
Grenades, land mines used
generals
Trent Affair
• GB nearly declares war
on Union during Civil
war
• Lincoln frees captured
diplomats to avoid war
with GB
• In the end GB is neutral
Emancipation Proclamation
• Lincoln’s view on slavery starts to change>
• He was morally opposed but in the beginning he didn’t
think the US govt. had the power to interfere with
slavery where it already existed
• Lincoln ALWAYS stated his #1 goal>> Save the Union
• He considered slave labor as part of the war effort> He
could use his war power to end slavery
• Union army could free slaves
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Turned war into a struggle against slavery
Confederate states only ones included
Didn’t free slaves elsewhere
Significance????
• Symbolic value of the Emancipation
proclamation>>>
• gives war moral purpose
• People knew they were fighting for a just cause
• Lincoln will continue to alter his thinking and
push for passage of 13th amend.
• Conscription
• Draft Riots
• Northerners angry at the draft, and fear newly
freed slaves will compete for jobs
• The Battle for
Vicksburg
• Gives North
control of the
Mississippi to the
Union and cuts the
Confederacy in
half!. Vicksburg +
Gettysburg
= end is near
• Conscription
• Draft Riots
• Northerners angry at the draft, and fear
newly freed slaves will compete for jobs
• Slaves seek freedom behind Union army lines
• Former slaves and free blacks join Union Army>> Most
famous 54th Mass regiment
• AA’s face discrimination and lower pay than white soldiers
• How does the war effect the South>
• South devastated as war goes on> food shortages, loss of
slaves, property destruction
• North economy booms> factories selling large numbers of
goods
• 1st income tax to pay for war
• Civil War medicine>>there wasn’t much
• Disease rampant in army camps>>kills more than battles
• Army prison camps even worse
Andersonville GA- the worst Confederate prison 1/3 of
prisoners die
Northern prisons slightly better
• http://www.youtube
.com/watch?v=wY
DhAmjmxYk
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bTcaRk0ZRJ4
• At 2:04 little round top
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zo8u1iPmuYc
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1nCTRxhKTEU
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qz8T5iW5FPw
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZL-5uyp44WA
“That from these honored dead we take
increased devotion to that cause for which
they gave the last full measure of
devotion—that we here highly resolve that
these dead shall not have died in vain—
that this nation, under God, shall have a
new birth of freedom—and that
government of the people, by the people,
for the people, shall not perish from the
earth”.
• Lincoln’s
Gettysburg
Address
expressed
Lincoln’s
resolve to
maintain
what?????
• The living
need to
dedicate
themselves to
preserving the
union
Gen. Wm. T. Sherman
Atlanta Campaign
Sherman used total war
during Georgia
campaign.
•March to the Sea
•Destroys everything,
even attacking civilians,
burning down
everything in his path
End of the War is near
• Election of 1864 Lincoln reelected but new
group of “Radical Republicans” propose harsh
conditions for readmission to the Union for South
• 1865 All Union Generals closing in on
Confederate capital Richmond>>Jefferson Davis
abandons Richmond then they set fire to it
• Lee surrenders at Appomattox Court House in
Virginia
• Lee’s soldiers treated very well, sent home with
their small weapons, horses
Legacy of the War
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13th amendment
Clara Barton helps found American Red Cross
Approx. 650,000 dead
War cost both sides estimated 3.3 bil
Gap between North and South only
widened…….is it healed today?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=6qAeFjCscRY