Transcript The American Civil War

The American Civil War
1861-1865
Jeffrey Johnson
The American Civil War
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Timeline of Secession
Battles of 1861
Battles of 1862
Battles of 1863
Battles of 1864
Battle of 1865
People
Sources
Timeline of Secession
• November 6, 1860: Lincoln is elected
President of the United States of America.
• November 14, 1860:
Alexander
Stephens gives a speech in the Georgia
legislature on secession.
• November 30, 1860:
Mississippi
legislature passes resolution in favor of
secession.
Timeline of Secession
• December 20, 1860:South Carolina
convention passes ordinance of secession.
• January 3, 1861:
Georgia seizes Fort
Pulaski.
• January 4, 1861:
Alabama seizes U.S.
arsenal at Mount Vernon.
• January 5, 1861:
Alabama seizes Fort
Morgan and Gaines.
Timeline of Secession
• January 6, 1861:
Florida seizes
Apalachichola arsenal.
• January 7, 1861:
Florida seizes Fort
Marion.
• January 8, 1861:
Floridians try to seize
Fort Barrancas but are chased off.
• January 9, 1861:
Mississippi secedes.
Timeline of Secession
• January 9, 1861:
Star of the West fired on
in Charleston Harbor.
• January 10, 1861: Florida secedes.
• January 10, 1861: Louisiana seizes U.S.
arsenal at Baton Rouge, as well as Forts
Jackson and St. Philip.
• January 11, 1861: Alabama secedes.
Timeline of Secession
• January 11, 1861:
Marine Hospital.
• January 14, 1861:
Pike.
• January 19, 1861:
• January 26, 1861:
• February 1, 1861:
Louisiana seizes U.S.
Louisiana seizes Fort
Georgia secedes.
Louisiana secedes.
Louisiana secedes.
Timeline of Secession
• February 8, 1861: Provisional
Constitution of the Confederacy adopted in
Montgomery, AL.
• February 8, 1861: Arkansas seizes U.S.
Arsenal at Little Rock.
• February 12, 1861: Arkansas seizes U.S.
ordnance stores at Napoleon.
Timeline of Secession
• February 18, 1861: Jefferson Davis
inaugurated as President of the
Confederacy.
• March 4, 1861:
Abraham Lincoln
inaugurated as 16th President of the United
States.
• April 12, 1861:
Fort Sumter fired upon
by Confederates.
Timeline of Secession
Battles of 1861
• The First Battle of Fort Sumter
– South Carolina
• The First Battle of Bull Run
– Virginia
The side that wins gets to name the Battle.
For map of sites of battles in Eastern Theater
The First Battle of Fort Sumter
A picture of Fort Sumter.
• Took place April 1214, 1861.
• American Commander
was Major Robert
Anderson.
• Confederate
Commander was
Brigadier General
P.G.T. Beauregard.
The First Battle of Fort Sumter
• Size of American
force was 80.
• Size of Confederate
Force was about 500.
• Start of the Civil War
• Confederate victory
Map of Fort Sumter and vicinity.
The First Battle of Fort Sumter
Beauregard
The First Battle of Bull Run
Johnson
• Took place July 21,
1861.
• American Commander
was Brigadier General
Irvin McDowell.
• Confederate
Commanders were
Brigadier General
Joseph E. Johnson and
P.G.T. Beauregard.
The First Battle of Bull Run
McDowell
• The size of the
American force was
28,450.
• The size of the
Confederate force was
32,230.
• The American losses
were 2,950.
The First Battle of Bull Run
• The Confederate
losses were 1,750.
• Confederate General
Bee and Colonel
Bartow were killed.
• Thomas J. Jackson
earned the name
“Stonewall” at this
battle.
“Stonewall” Jackson
The First Battle of Bull Run
Beauregard
• Confederate victory.
• Also known as the First
Battle of Manassas.
• Battle are named after
cites by Americans and
bodies of water by
Confederate.
• The side that won the
battle get to name the
battle.
The First Battle of Bull Run
Battle at Bull Run
Battles of 1862
• The Second Battle of Bull Run
– Virginia
• The Battle of Antietam
– Maryland
The Second Battle of Bull Run
• Also Known as
Second Battle of
Manassas, Manassas
Plains, Groveton,
Gainsville, and
Brawner’s Farm.
• Took place August 2830, 1862.
Action at Bull Run
The Second Battle of Bull Run
• American Commander
was Major General
John Pope.
• Confederate
Commanders were
General Robert E. Lee
and Major General
Thomas J. Jackson.
Pope
The Second Battle of Bull Run
Lee
• Size of American force
was 75,000.
• Size of Confederate Force
was about 55,000.
• The American losses were
13,830.
• The Confederate losses
were 8,350.
• Confederate Victory
The Second Battle of Bull Run
Lee
“Stonewall” Jackson
The Battle of Antietam
Fighting at Antietam
• Also known as Battle
of Sharpsburg.
• Took place on
September 16-18,
1862.
• American Commander
was Major General
George B. McClellan.
The Battle of Antietam
Map
of
Battle
• Confederate
Commander was
Robert E. Lee.
• 23,100 men killed.
• Inconclusive or Union
strategic victory.
The Battle of Antietam
McClellan
Lee
Battles of 1863
• The Battle of Chancellorsville
– Virginia
• The Battle of Gettysburg
– Pennsylvania
• The Battle of Vicksburg
– Mississippi
Battles of 1863
• The Battle of Chickamauga
– Georgia
• The Battle of Chattanooga
– Tennessee
The Battle of Chancellorsville
Lee
Jackson
• Took place April 30May 6, 1863.
• American Commander
was Major General
Joseph Hooker.
• Confederate
Commanders were
General Robert E. Lee
and Major General
Thomas J. Jackson.
The Battle of Chancellorsville
Hooker
• Size of American
force was 97,382.
• Size of Confederate
Force was about
57,352.
• The American losses
were 14,000.
• The Confederate
losses were 10,000.
The Battle of Chancellorsville
Cannons
• Major General
Thomas J. Jackson is
killed.
• Union generals Berry
and Whipple and
Confederate general
Paxton were killed.
• Confederate victory.
The Battle of Gettysburg
• Took place July 1-3,
1863.
• American commander
was Major General
George G. Meade.
• Confederate
Commander was
General Robert E.
Lee.
The Battle of Gettysburg
Lee
• Size of American
force was 83,289.
• Size of Confederate
Force was about
75,054.
• The American losses
were 23,000.
• The Confederate
losses were 28,000.
The Battle of Gettysburg
• Union victory.
Lee
The Battle of Vicksburg
Pemberton
• Took place on May
18-July 4, 1863.
• American Commander
was Major General
Ulysses S. Grant.
• Confederate
Commander was
Lieutenant General
John C. Pemberton.
The Battle of Vicksburg
Grant
• Union forces were called
the Army of the
Tennessee.
• Confederate forces called
the Army of Vicksburg.
• The American losses were
10,142.
• The Confederate losses
were 9,091.
The Battle of Vicksburg
• Confederacy split in
half.
• Union victory
The Battle of Chickamauga
Rosecrans
• Took place September
18-20, 1863.
• American
Commanders were
Major General
William S. Rosecrans
and George H.
Thomas.
The Battle of Chickamauga
Thomas
• Confederate
Commanders were
General Braxton
Bragg and Lieutenant
General James
Longstreet.
• Union forces were
called the Army of the
Cumberland.
The Battle of Chickamauga
Bragg
• Confederate forces
called the Army of
Tennessee.
• The American losses
were 16,170.
• The Confederate
losses were 18,454.
• Confederate victory.
The Battle of Chickamauga
Longstreet
The Battle of Chattanooga
Grant
• Took place November
23-25, 1863.
• American Commander
Major General Ulysses
S. Grant.
• Confederate
Commander General
Braxton Bragg.
The Battle of Chattanooga
• Union forces were
called the Military
Division of the
Mississippi.
• Confederate forces
called the Army of
Tennessee.
Bragg
The Battle of Chattanooga
• The American losses
were 5,815.
• The Confederate
losses were 6,670.
• Union victory.
Battles of 1864
• The Battle of the Wilderness
– Virginia
• The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House
– Virginia
• The Battle of Cold Harbor
– Virginia
Battles of 1864
• The Battle of Petersburg
– Virginia
• The Battle of Nashville
– Tennessee
The Battle of the Wilderness
Grant
• Also known as
Combats at Parker’s
Stone, Craig’s
Meeting House,
Todd’s Tavern, Brock
Road, the Furnaces.
• Took place on May 57, 1864.
The Battle of the Wilderness
• American
Commanders were
Lieutenant General
Ulysses S. Grant and
Major General George
G. Meade.
• Confederate
Commander was
General Robert E.
Lee.
The Battle of the Wilderness
Lee
• Size of American
force was 101,895.
• Size of Confederate
Force was about
61,025.
• The American losses
were 18,400.
• The Confederate
losses were 11,400.
The Battle of the Wilderness
Lee
• Union general James
S. Wadsworth and
Alexander Hays were
killed.
• Confederate generals
John M. Jones, Micah
Jenkins, and Leroy A.
Stafford were killed.
The Battle of the Wilderness
• Inconclusive but Grant
continued his
offensive.
The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House
Grant
• Also known as Combats at
Laurel Hill and Corbin’s
Bridge (May 8), Ni River
(May 9); Laurel Hill, Po
River, and Bloody Angle
(May 10); Salient or
Bloody Angle (May 1213); Piney Branch Church
(May 15); Harrison House
(May 18); Harris Farm
(May 19).
The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House
• Took place May 8-21,
1864.
• American Commanders
were Lieutenant General
Ulysses S. Grant and
Major General George G.
Meade.
• Confederate Commander
was General Robert E.
Lee.
The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House
Lee
• Size of American
force was 100,000.
• Size of Confederate
Force was about
52,000.
• The American losses
were 18,000.
• The Confederate
losses were 12,000.
The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House
Lee
• Union generals
Sedgwick and
Rice were killed.
• Confederate
generals Johnson
and Steuart were
captured, Daniel
and Perrin
mortally
wounded.
The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House
• Inconclusive but Grant
continued his
offensive.
The Battle of Cold Harbor
Grant
• Also known as The
Second Battle of Cold
Harbor.
• Took place May 31-June
12, 1864.
• American Commanders
were Lieutenant General
Ulysses S. Grant and
Major General George G.
Meade.
• Confederate Commander
was General Robert E.
Lee.
The Battle of Cold Harbor
• Size of American force
was 108,000.
• Size of Confederate Force
was about 62,000.
• The American losses were
13,000.
• The Confederate losses
were 2,500.
• Confederate victory.
The Battle of Cold Harbor
Lee
Lee
The Battle of Petersburg
Grant
• Also known as Assault on
Petersburg.
• Took place on June 15-18,
1864.
• American Commanders were
Lieutenant General Ulysses
S. Grant and Major General
George G. Meade.
• Confederate Commanders
were General Robert E. Lee
and P.G.T. Beauregard.
The Battle of Petersburg
• Size of American
force was 62,000.
• Size of Confederate
Force was about
42,000.
• The American losses
were 8,150.
• The Confederate
losses were 3,236.
The Battle of Petersburg
• Union Gen. James St.
Clair Morton, chief
engineer of the IX
Corps, was killed on
June 17.
• Confederate victory.
Beauregard
The Battle of Petersburg
Lee
Lee
The Battle of Nashville
Thomas
• Took place on
December 15-16,
1864.
• American Commander
was Major General
George H. Thomas.
• Confederate
Commander was
General John Bell
Hood.
The Battle of Nashville
Hood
• Union forces were
called the IV Army
Corps, Detachment of
the Army of the
Tennessee, provisional
detachment, and
cavalry corps.
• Confederate forces
called the Army of
Tennessee.
The Battle of Nashville
• American forces of
55,000.
• Confederate forces of
23,000.
• The American losses were
23.
• The Confederate losses
were 65.
• Union victory.
• Army of Tennessee ceases
as an effective fighting
force.
Battle of 1865
• The Battle of Petersburg
– Virginia
The Battle of Petersburg
Grant
• Took place April 2,
1865.
• American Commander
was Lieutenant
General Ulysses S.
Grant.
• Confederate
Commander was
General Robert E.
Lee.
The Battle of Petersburg
Lee
• The American losses
were 3,500.
• The Confederate
losses were 4,250.
• Lieutenant General
A.P. Hill was killed.
• Union victory.
• Lee surrenders on
April 9, 1865.
The Battle of Petersburg
Lee
Hill
People
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John Tyler
James Buchanan
Abraham Lincoln
Andrew Johnson
Ulysses S. Grant
Jefferson Davis
Alexander Stephens
John Tyler
• March 29, 1790 –
January 18, 1862.
• Tenth President of the
United States (18411845).
• Member of Congress
of the Confederate
States (1862).
John Tyler
James Buchanan
• April 23, 1791 – June
1, 1868.
• US minister to Russia
(1832-1833).
• Secretary of State
(1845-1849).
• US minister to
England (1853-1856).
James Buchanan
• Fifteenth President of
the United States
(1857-1861).
Abraham Lincoln
• February 12, 1809 – April
15, 1865.
• Sixteenth President of the
United States (1861-1865).
• “Four score and seven years
ago our fathers brought forth
on this continent a new
nation, conceived in liberty
and dedicated to the
proposition that all men are
created equal.”
Abraham Lincoln
• “Now we are engaged in a
great civil war, testing
whether that nation or any
nation so conceived and so
dedicated can long endure.
We are met on a great
battlefield of that war. We
have come to dedicate a
portion of that field as a final
resting-place for those who
here gave their lives that that
nation might live.”
Abraham Lincoln
• “It is altogether fitting and
proper that we should do
this. But in a larger sense,
we cannot dedicate, we
cannot consecrate, we
cannot hallow this ground.
The brave men, living and
dead who struggled here
have consecrated it far
above our poor power to
add or detract.”
Abraham Lincoln
• “The world will little note
nor long remember what
we say here, but it can
never forget what they did
here. It is for us the living
rather to be dedicated here
to the unfinished work
which they who fought
here have thus far so
nobly advanced.”
Abraham Lincoln
• “It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great
task remaining before us--that from these honored
dead we take increased devotion to that cause for
which they gave the last full measure of devotion-that we here highly resolve that these dead shall
not have died in vain, that this nation under God
shall have a new birth of freedom, and that
government of the people, by the people, for the
people shall not perish from the earth.”
• From The Gettysburg Address
Andrew Johnson
• Governor of
Tennessee (18531857).
• U.S. senator from
Tennessee (18571862).
• Military Governor of
Tennessee (18621864).
Andrew Johnson
• Vice President of the
United States (1865).
• Seventeenth President
of the United States
(1865-1869).
• U.S. Senator from
Tennessee (18741875).
Andrew Johnson
Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
Ulysses S. Grant
• April 27, 1822 – July
23, 1885.
• Attended West Point
(1839-1843).
• Served as officer in
US Army, rising to
captain (1843-1853).
Ulysses S. Grant
• Rose to command all
Union Armies in Civil
War (1861-1865).
• Secretary of War ad
interim (1867-1868).
• Eighteenth President
of the United States
(1869-1877).
Jefferson Davis
• June 3, 1808 December 5, 1889.
• Graduated from West
Point in 1828.
• United States Senator
(1847-1851; 18571861).
• Secretary of War
(1853-1857).
Jefferson Davis
• President of the
Confederate States of
America (1861-1865).
Alexander Stephens
• February 11, 1812 –
March 4, 1883.
• Member of House of
Representatives (18431859; 1873-1882).
• Vice President of the
Confederate States of
America (1861-1865).
• Governor of Georgia
(1882-1883).
Sources
• http://members.aol.com/jfepperson/secesh.h
tml
• http://www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp/battles/sc001.
htm
• http://www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp/battles/va005.
htm
• http://www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp/battles/va026.
htm
Sources
• http://www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp/battles/md003
.htm
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htm
• http://www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp/battles/pa002.
htm
• http://home.sprynet.com/~carlreed/
Sources
• http://www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp/battles/ms011.
htm
• http://www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp/battles/ga004.
htm
• http://www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp/battles/tn024.
htm
• http://www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp/battles/va046.
htm
Sources
• http://www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp/battles/va048.
htm
• http://www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp/battles/va062.
htm
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htm
• http://www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp/battles/tn038.
htm
Sources
• http://www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp/battles/va089.htm
• http://jefferson.village.virginia.edu/readings/gettys
burg.txt
• http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?
index=T000450
• http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?
index=B001005
• http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?
index=L000313
• http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?
index=D000113
Sources
• http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodispl
ay.pl?index=S000854
• http://www.altavista.com/sites/search/simag
e