Transcript A Confederate victory!

Important Battles of
The Civil War
Fort Sumter (1861)
• A Confederate victory!
• Considered the 1st battle of the Civil War
• Confederates attack a Federal Fort in South
Carolina
• Union troops surrender due to lack of supplies
1st Battle of Bull Run (1861)
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A Confederate victory!
Also called “First Battle of Manassas”
Both sides expect a short war
Citizens picnicked at this battle
Confederates stood firm, led by
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson (C)
Confederate soldiers in Richmond, VA (1861)
Shiloh (1862)
• A Confederate victory!
• The 1st day is a HUGE defeat for Grant (U)
• Union reinforcements come, but
Confederates still win
Confederate soldiers at the Battle of Shiloh
Commanding Generals of the Civil War
Ulysses S. Grant
Robert E. Lee
Antietam (1862)
• A Union victory!
• Union finds Lee’s (C) plans but, McClellan
(U) fails to react quickly & Lincoln fires him
• Lincoln uses this victory to announce his
Emancipation Proclamation
• Highest number of American deaths in 1 day
President Lincoln at Antietam
•Freed slaves could
now join the Union
Army & Navy
• Their bravery
helped to convince
whites that black men
would make good
soldiers
• Officers of the 54th
were wealthy, white
abolitionists
Fredericksburg (1863)
• A Confederate victory!
• Burnside (U) begins with a much larger army, but
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• After the Union army charges the Rebels
6 TIMES, it becomes one of the Union’s worst
defeats
Chancellorsville (1863)
• A Confederate victory!
• The good news: Lee’s (C) skill as a general
produces a big win for the South
• The bad news: Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
(C) is shot & killed by his own men
After the Battle of Chancellorsville, VA
Gettysburg (1863)
• A Union victory!
• Lasting 3 days, the most memorable battle in
North
• The South had 3 Goals:
1. Get supplies
2. Cut off Northern railroad transport
3. Gain a win in the North
Gettysburg (Cont.)
Perhaps the biggest mistake of Lee’s
career:
Lee (C) sends Pickett (C) on a suicide
mission to the center of the Union
troops - known as “Pickett’s Charge”
Union survivors of the Battle of Gettysburg
(From Ohio’s 23rd Regiment) of the Battle of Gettysburg
The Gettysburg Address
• Lincoln’s
most famous
speech
• Its purpose: to
honor the dead
soldiers of both
North & South
William Tecumseh Sherman
“Total War” strategy:
•Attack both military &
civilian resources in the
South
•Ruin Southern economy by
destroying railroads &
industries
•Union army’s “March to
the Sea” left a path of
destruction 250 miles long.
Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant
at Appomattox Courthouse April 9, 1865
Union Soldiers
Confederate Soldiers
Women Improve Medical Care for Soldiers
Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell
• First woman to earn a
medical license
• Formed U.S. Sanitary
Commission to provide
bandages, medicine & food
Dorothea Dix
• Volunteer leader of
over 3,000 paid nurses
• Provided health care in
Union army hospitals
Andersonville Prison
• Georgia camp for Union prisoners of war
• Worst conditions of any military prison
• 100-150 Soldiers died daily of starvation & disease