Transcript Civil War review 2008-9 for wiki

Civil War review 2009-10
Chancellorsville
• Battle where the South won but
General Stonewall Jackson lost
his arm after his men fired on him
• FRIENDLY FIRE
• The high point
for the
Confederacy
Antietam
• Bloodiest 12 HOUR day of the
war
Vicksburg
• Grant wins here
in the
Mississippi river
town on a cliff
and splits the
Confederacy
right down the
middle
Appomattox Courthouse
• Surrender of the South to the
North is signed here by Lee and
Grant
Supreme Commander of the Union
army for last year of the war
• General
Ulysses
S.Grant
William Tecumseh
Sherman
• Northern general who believes in total war
• Burns Atlanta because it is a hub of trade
• Carries out the March to the Sea ( Atlanta
to Savannah) causing $100 million in
damage to Georgia
• Brings Georgia to its knees
• Breaks the will of the Confederate army to
fight
Who had more guns, bullets,
factories, railroads, banks, men,
money?
• The North/Union
Who had the draft?
• The North
• Also called
conscription
Lee’s Last attempt
to go up into the
North and win the
war
• Was stopped at
the battle of
Gettysburg
• Turning point of
the war
Lee’s right arm
• General
Stonewall
Jackson
• Where is the body?
• People have the
right to be arraigned
and prove
themselves
innocent in a court
of law with a jury
Habeas
Corpus is
• Lincoln stopped the
right to Habeas corpus
• He did this so he could
keep people in jail until
the end of the war that
he thought were
dangerous to the
Union because they
were carrying out antiwar activities
Why did Lincoln
suspend
Habeas
Corpus?
President of the Union was
• Abraham Lincoln
President of the Confederate
States was
• Jefferson Davis
Unconditional Surrender was
his nickname
General
Ulysses
Grant
Supreme General of the South
• Robert E. Lee
• Defeated union troops
at Chancellorsburg
and Fredericksburg
• Surrendered at
Appotmattox
Courthouse
Characteristics of Bull Run
•
•
•
•
First battle and the South wins
A holiday feeling was in the air
The north broke and ran
The South did not
pursue them
Where were Grant’s military
successes located
• Mainly in the
Western theatre
What area of the war was the
Mississippi river in
• The West
Ordered to march on a southern
city and burn it
• Gen William T. Sherman and
he burned Atlanta to the
ground
High point of the war for the South
Battle of Chancellorsville
Turning point of the war
• Gettysburg
Resources the North could rely on
• Population, factories, money, gold,
railroads, technology,
Resources the south could rely on
• Better generals,
• fighting a defensive war,
• lots of cotton that
Europe needed
North won because
• Population, factories, money, gold,
railroads, technology, more banks and
gold, no inflation,
South lost because
•
•
•
•
•
Inflation
Not enough gold to back the paper money
Ran out of supplies
Not enough factories, guns, and bullets
Food supply deceasing as railroads are
destroyed by the North
• Europe never came in and helped them
• North had more soldiers
The purpose of the Blockade of
Southern ports was
• To stop all imports into the South and
exports out of the South
• To stop Europe from supplying the
confederacy
Emancipation Proclamation did
what
• Freed the slaves in the
Confederate states only
• Stopped Europe from
coming to the aid of the
South
• Made the war about
slavery
Gettysburg address said what
• All men are created
equal
• Our nation, which was
created in Liberty and
freedom, is undergoing
a test to see if such a
nation can last on the
earth or will it all end
here
Civil war began where
• Fort Sumter,
South Carolina
Civil war ended where
• Appomattox courthouse
Why was Maryland important to the
South and North
• Because it is where Washington, DC, the
Union capital is located
• Lee needed to take it in order to
win the war
• Lincoln needed to keep it in order
to win the war
How were soldiers Identified in the
Civil war
• Paper with their name on it in
their pocket
• Later came
dog tags
Bloodiest 12 hour day of the war
• Antietam
What is a substitute
• Could hire a
“Substitute” to fight
for you in the war
for a sum of money
usually $300
What was Lincoln’s hidden purpose
in freeing the slaves
• To stop Europe
from helping out
the South
Why did the South suffer from
inflation
• They did not have the gold to
back their paper money so as
they printed more, it became less
valuable
• Prices rose sharply and
money was worthless
Pickett’s charge
• Gen George Pickett charged with his
men up cemetery ridge at Gettysburg
and lost half his men
• End of the finest
soldiers of the
Confederacy
some say
Casualty
• A soldier wounded or killed in
war or battle
War goal of the Union at beginning
of the war
• Original goal of Lincoln was
to “Preserve the Union.”
War goal of the Union at end of the
war
• As war progressed,
freeing the slaves
became a new goal
War goals of the South for the war
• The sole purpose of the war was for
independence from the Union.
• Protection of land and family.
• Fight a defensive war.
What is a defensive war?
• Defending your
own land
Are we having fun yet?
Defensive war was fought by who
• The South
Offensive war was fought by who
• The North
Anaconda Plan
Three part plan
by the North
to surround
the South
and then
squeeze it
until it
surrendered
Civil war begins at
• Fort Sumter in South
Carolina right after
Lincoln is elected in 1861
What events led to the Nullification
crisis?
1. Federal government makes a tariff in
1832
2. South Carolina says we’re not going to
pay it
3. President Andrew Jackson says pay it or
hang
4. Congress passes a bill to allow President
to enforce the tariff
5. South Carolina decides to repeal the
tariff and pay it
Why did the South hate tariffs?
• They led to an increase
in the price of
manufactured goods
which the South bought
quite a lot of
Presidents who upheld the
supreme power of the federal
government
• Andrew Jackson and
Abraham Lincoln
The 2nd inaugural
address of Lincoln that
shows he wanted the
South to receive fair
treatment after the war
• "With malice towards none, with charity for
all, with firmness in the right as God gives us
to see the right, let us strive on to finish the
work we are in, to bind up the nation’s
wounds, : to do all which may achieve and
cherish a just and lasting peace among
ourselves and all nations."
Inflation in the South
• Due to the Blockade
• The worth of the dollar is devalued or
decreases and there is a corresponding
rise in prices
Dred Scott supreme court case
• Ruled slaves to be
property and not citizens
of America
Who did the tariff of 1832 also
called the tariff of abominations
hurt?
• The agricultural
Southern planters
Popular sovereignty
• Policy that allowed the territories of
Kansas and Nebraska to vote if they
wanted to be slave or free states
Treaty that ends the War with
Mexico
• Treaty of GuadeloupeHidalgo
Feb 1861
• The first 7 states to
secede met in Alabama
and founded the
Confederate states of
America with Benjamin
Davis as its President
William Lloyd Garrison
• Head of newspaper the
Liberator
• Abolitionist-against
slavery
Missouri Compromise
• Dealt with the expansion of slavery into
the territories acquired in the Louisiana
Purchase
• Missouri came in as a slave state and
Maine as a free state
• Set 36 / 30 line
Antebellum south
• Means before the civil war
• Most people in the south were non-slave
holding farmers
• Minority were
large slave
holding
plantations
Why did we win the Mexican
American war?
• The Mexican army
and government
were plagued or
bothered by
instability hurting
their ability to fight
consistently or well.
The Grimke sisters
• Abolitionists against
slavery
Fugitive slave Law
• Law making the officials in the North
accountable for helping return escaped
slaves to their owners in the South
• The North hated this law and helped hide
escaped slaves
Wilmot proviso
• Senator David Wilmot
from Connecticut tried
to get slavery banned
in territories taken
from Mexico in the
Mexican war
• He failed
• Initiated a slave
revolt that killed
870 white people
• Result was
severe limitation
on the legal rights
of free blacks and
slaves in the
South
Nat Turner
What issue led to the Civil war in
the era of manifest destiny, the
early and mid 1800’s ?
• Whether, if and how should slavery
spread across the USA from sea to
shining sea
John Brown
• Led raid on Harper's
Ferry to get weapons to
start an uprising of
slaves against their
owners
The rhyme you need to memorize
is …..
• In 1861, ______________________
• In 1862, ______________________
• In 1863, _______________________
• In 1864, _______________________
• In 1865, _________________________
The End