Transcript Intro to Civil War PowerPoint

The American Civil War
By: Mr. MacDonald
April 12, 1861 – April 9, 1865
Union = The North
CSA = Confederate States of
America
Causes of the Civil War
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Slavery: All men are created equal
Nationalism and honour
State’s rights – Property movement
Free Soil – North demand that west not be bought by
rich slave owners
Slave Power: North feared the money from the rich slave
owners would influence the presidency
Tariff of 1828 – tax on imports. South called it the “Tax
of Abominations”
Election of Lincoln: feared he would stop expansion of
slavery
Comparison of Union and CSA[145]
Union
CSA
Total population
22,100,000 (71%)
9,100,000 (29%)
Free population
21,700,000
5,600,000
Slave population, 1860
400,000
3,500,000
Soldiers
2,100,000 (67%)
1,064,000 (33%)
Railroad miles
21,788 (71%)
8,838 (29%)
Manufactured items
90%
10%
Firearm production
97%
3%
Bales of cotton in 1860
Negligible
4,500,000
Bales of cotton in 1864
Negligible
300,000
Pre-war U.S. exports
30%
70%
Casualties and Losses
North
CSA
110,000 killed in action 93,000 killed in action
360,000 total dead
260,000 total dead
275,200 wounded
137,000+ wounded
Some Civil War Facts
First shot fired at Fort
Sumter in Charleston
Harbor, South Carolina
620,000 killedas much as US losses in
world war one and two
Combined.
South Carolina and 10 other states
left the United States of America
to form the Confederate States
of America with Jefferson Davis
as their president.
Keeping the United States togethernot allowing the southern states
to secede/ separate
was the central issue…
although slavery was also important.
The chance of surviving a wound in Civil
War days was 7 to 1; in the Korean War,
50 to 1.
About 15 percent of the wounded died in
the Civil War; about 8 percent in World
War I; about 4 percent in World War II;
about 2 percent in the Korean War.
There were 6,000,000 cases of disease in
the Federal armies, which meant that, on
an average, every man was sick at least
twice.
Sickness accounted for a full one-third of all
casualties in the Civil War.
The diseases most prevalent were
dysentery, typhoid fever, malaria,
pneumonia, arthritis, and the acute
diseases of childhood, such as measles,
mumps, and malnutrition.
The principal weapon of the war and the
one by which 80 percent of all wounds
were produced was a single-shot, muzzleloading rifle in the hands of foot soldiers.
The muzzle-loading rifle could be loaded at
the rate of about three times a minute. Its
maximum range was about 1000 yards.
Most infantry rifles were equipped with
bayonets, but very few men wounded by
bayonet showed up at hospitals. The
explanation probably lay in the fact that
opposing soldiers did not often actually
come to grips and, when they did, were
prone to use their rifles as clubs.
Artillery was used extensively, but only
about 10 percent of the wounded were
the victims of artillery fire.
Besides the rifle and cannon, weapons
consisted of revolvers, swords, hand
grenades, and land mines.
Many doctors who saw service in the Civil
War had never been to medical school,
but had served an apprenticeship in the
office of an established practitioner.
President Lincoln did not believe that whites
and blacks could live together in peace.
He had planned to relocate the entire
black population of the United States to
Central America.
There were more than 10,000 soldiers
serving in the Union Army that were under
the age of 18.
General Robert E. Lee, commander of the
Confederate forces, traveled with a pet
hen that laid one egg under his cot every
morning.
Approximately 130,000 freed slaves became
Union soldiers during the war.
Black soldiers were paid $10 per month
while serving in the Union army. This was
$3 less than white soldiers.