Transcript American civil war

American Civil War
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Introduction
Causes: economic
reasons, slavery
War map
Civil war battles
End of the war and
consequences
Clothes, music,
objects…
Introduction
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1861-1865
American Civil War = the War between the States,
War of the Rebellion , the War of Secession, and the
War for Southern Independence
Civil war between the United States of America and
Confederate States of America
United States of America = The Union:
Abraham Lincol/ Republican party/ abolitionists/
all of the free states and the five slaveholding
border states
Confederate States of America = Confereracy:
Jefferson Davis/ Seven Southern slave states/
secessionists
Republican victory in the presidential election of
1860
seven Southern states declaring their
secession. The Union rejected secession, regarding
it as rebellion.
1861, Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter.
Abraham Lincol
16th President of the United States
(1861–1865)
Jefferson
Davis
Abolition and Slavery
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Introduction
• Causes: economic
reasons, slavery
• War map
• Civil war battles
• End of the war and
consequences
• Clothes, music,
objects…
 Roots: 1619 twenty Africans were brought by a Dutch
soldier and sold to the English colony of Jamestown,
Virginia
 Slave Codes 1705: the status of African Americans as
slaves sealed
 1807 the external slave trade abolished
 The Fugitive Slave Act declared slaves as property, not
people
 1850, Abolitionists, who had been gaining a voice through
the 1830's and 1840's, demanded an immediate end to
slavery
 1800's British had managed to abolish slavery in their
Carribean colonies. Abolitionists had seen this as a model
to follow
 South opposes to slavery abolition: economic reasons/
religious reasons.
Economic reasons
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Introduction
• Causes: economic
reasons, slavery
• War map
• Civil war battles
• End of the war and
consequences
• Clothes, music,
objects…
• Northern states going
through an industrial
revolution
• Nothern needed more
people to work in its factories
if freed, the slaves would
leave the South and provide
the labour they needed
• South was still mainly
agricultural
• Introduction
• Causes:
economic reasons,
slavery
 War map
• Civil war battles
• End of the war
and consequences
• Food, clothes,
music…
Battles
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Introduction
• Causes: economic
reasons, slavery
• War map
• Civil war
battles/casualties
• End of the war and
consequences
• Clothes, music,
objects…
• Fort Sumter Attacked: April 12, 1861. At 4:30
a.m. Confederates under Gen. Pierre
Beauregards open fire with 50 cannons upon
Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina. The
Civil War begins.
• President Lincoln call for Army Volunteers: April
15, 1861 President Abraham Lincoln called on
the governors of the Northern states to provide
75.000 militias to serve for three months to put
down the insurrection.
• The difference in manpower between the two
sides became more noticeable. Whereas the
Union consisted of 23 states and 22,000,000
people, the Confederacy had only 9,000,000
people (including 3,500,000 slaves).
• This War lasted 4 years, ending in May 1865 with
the remaining Confederate forces surrender.
During this period of time, 33 battles took place.
To mention that in 1862, battles such as Shiloh
and Antietam caused massive casualties
unprecedented in U.S. military history.
Casualties
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More than 970.000 civilian casualties
Total soldier deaths 620.000 killed in action
50.000 survivors return home as amputees
Soldiers died of a variety of different
illnesses 186.000. This is as follows:
Malaria, 56.000 cases
Diarrhea, died 35.000 soldiers
Typhoid, 29.000 cases
Dysentery, killed 9.400 soldiers
Smallpox, 7.000 cases
Measles, died 5.200 soldiers
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Introduction
• Causes: economic
reasons, slavery
• War map
• Civil war battles/
casulaties
• End of the war and
consequences
• Clothes, music,
objects…
End of the word and consequences
• Introduction
• Causes: economic
reasons, slavery
• War map
• Civil war battles
• End of the war and
consequences
• Clothes, music,
objects…
Why the union won?
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1864: Grant, comander of all Union armies
TOTAL WAR concept
Insurmountable advantage over the Confederacy in terms
of industrial strength and population
production of arms, munitions and supplies
Excelent railroad
African-Americans join the Union Army, about 190,000
Consequences
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Reconstruction (1877) the three "Civil War" amendments to
the Constitution: the Thirteenth Amendment, which
abolished slavery; the Fourteenth, which extended federal
legal protections equally to citizens regardless of race; and
the Fifteenth, which abolished racial restrictions on voting.
4 million black slaves were freed in 1865
970,000 casualties (3% of the population), including about
620,000 soldier deaths.
Clothe, musical intruments and different objects
of
the
war
• Introduction
• Causes: economic
reasons, slavery
• War map
• Civil war battles
• End of the war and
consequences
• Clothes, music,
objects…