Transcript Background Information on the Eve of the Civil War

Do Now– 04/23
1) What two groups fought in the Civil
War?
2) Name at least one state in each
group?
3) Which side do you think has the
advantage and why?
BORDER STATE
A state with legalized slavery that
stayed a part of the Union: Missouri,
Kentucky, Maryland and Delaware.
** West Virginia will eventually secede
from Virginia and make a fifth border
state.
Do Now– 04/24
1) What is a Border State?
2) Name the 5 border states.
When you are done, work on your
maps.
Background Information on
the Eve of the Civil War.
Pages 4-6
Format: around the room you will
find the information to fill in
pages 4-6.
Answer the questions OUTLOUD
once you have recorded the
information.
• North will be in the
right column
• South will be in
the left column
You and your partner are
going to have a MINI-debate!
Person A is going to defend the North,
Person B is going to defend the South.
Each person gets 1 min. to make their
opening argument, then we have 2
minutes of discussion.
Prove to your partner that YOUR side is
going to win!
ASSIGNMENT
Answer Essential Question # 1 on
page 18. Use the information you have
collected today to do this!
ALSO– fill in your VOCAB: Secede
and Civil War (with visual)
Important people: Fill in what you know
about Abraham Lincoln, and Jefferson
Davis.
Uniform Color (you will have to draw a box
in for this.
• Blue
Union, United States of America,
Federals, USA
• Grey
Confederacy, Confederate States of
America, CSA
USE YOUR MAPS!!!
Slang Names for Troops: This is on the last page!
• Federals, Yanks, Billy Yanks, Yankees,
Blues, Bluebellies
• Rebels, Rebs, Graybacks, Butternuts
(they ate a lot of butternut squash in
the South), Johnnies, Gray
Flag
The South had many different
flags before they settled on
the Confederate Flag.
Including the Bonnie Blue
Flag (far right) and the Stars
and Bars (directly below blue
flag). They settled on the flag
below, though the other flags
were still sometimes used.
UNION FLAG:
Had the typical Stars and
Stripes. It had 34 stars: 23 for
the states that stayed in the
Union, and 11 more for the
confederate states. The USA
never recognized the legitimacy
of the Confederacy.
Capital Cities
Washington, D.C.
Population
• 22,000,000
• Richmond, Virginia
• 9,000,000
• 3,500,000 were
slaves
Would the slaves fight for the Confederacy? What is the actual
population that is willing to support fight for the CSA?
Beyond having more soldiers, what else can a large population
do for the war effort?
Industrial Development
• 92% of the Nation’s
industries were in the
North
• Very little industrial
development; mostly an agrarian
(farming) economy
Railroad Mileage
• 75% of the nation’s railroad miles were
in the North
• Many fewer miles of railroads in the
South
Why does industry matter in a war? (what do soldiers
need to fight?)
How do RRs matter? If you don’t have RRs, how do you
transport things to the front line? (Front line is the place
where fighting is happening)
Financial Resources
• Had 75% of the nation’s • Most of the wealth
wealth in banking,
was in land and
manufacturing and
slaves
shipping industries
If you own land but you need money, what do you need to do?
How does create a problem for wealthy plantation owners once
the war starts?
Also– what happens to your wealth if your slaves escape/are
killed? As the war progresses– is it going to be easier or
harder to keep your slaves working? Why?
Naval Power– how does having a large navy relate to industry?
Large navy which grew even larger as
the war progressed.
• Virtually no navy at the start of the
war.
PRESIDENT
• Abraham Lincoln
– Experience as a lawyer,
limited experience in
Congress, and virtually no
military experience.
• Jefferson Davis
– Senator from
Mississippi and
Secretary of War
– Military experience in
the Mexican War
Pretend like you know nothing about these men except
their experience– who would you rather have as your
president? Why?
Generals– Military
Leadership
West Point Military Academy is in the SOUTH– which side do you
think these generals fought with?
• Few West Point Military
Academy graduates.
• Lincoln will struggle to
appoint a good general
for his army through the
start of the war as
general after general
fails.
• Most of the great military
leaders are from the
South– fight with the
South.
• Brilliant, bold military
leaders from Virginia
Military Institute (VMI),
West Point and other
academies.
Northern Fighting
Strategies
(you only need to write the italics)
• The North will never recognize the South’s independence.
Throughout the war, the North continues to pass laws like
the South is under their control.
• Bring the South back to the Union ASAP.
Can they bring the South back if their militaries are still
fighting?
• Strangle the South with a naval blockade (Anaconda Plan).
The North used their navy to surround the South and choke it
(not allow ships in or out), similar to an anaconda.
Does the South have industries to make their own supplies?
Is their cotton any good without industry? Why is the
anaconda plan so effective?
Southern Fighting Strategies
(you only need the italics)
• Capture Washington, D.C.
Its right there next to Virginia!
• Fight a defensive war until the Union no longer
has the will to fight.
If the people in the North get tired– what will they
do? Does the South need to defeat the entire
Northern military?
• Stress how secession is a parallel with the 13
colonies pulling out of the British Empire in 1776.
Get opinion on their side– they are fighting for
liberty!
Cause for Fighting
• To gain independence
• To preserve the
• To save “The
Southern Way of Life”
Union.
(which
included
• AFTER 1863– to end
slavery).
slavery.
• For their state.
• Protect their homes.
If Texas decided to secede– would you give up your life
to keep it a part of the USA? Your family member’s life?
What if an outside force invaded your home? Then
would you be willing to fight?
Which side has a more powerful cause for fighting?
Northern Miscellany
(Just copy italics)
• Battles were fought away from home.
What is the advantage to this? (where is the damage
happening) What is the disadvantage? (why would this
make it harder to fight?)
• Less skilled in the military arts– grew up in cities!
• Thousands of immigrants were fighting for no purpose
that made sense to them.
Sometimes an immigrant would arrive– be handed a gun
and a uniform and sent to the South.
• Farm Acreage: 65%; dominant crops- wheat and corn
good source of food– they don’t need to trade.
• Divided politically– many people are against the war.
People don’t want the deaths– just let the South secede!
Southern Miscellany
(Just copy italics)
• Traditionally protecting their homes and way of life.
Even those that didn’t believe in the cause were
motivated when the North started destroying their
land/homes.
• Fought on their own land, which they therefore knew
better than their opponents.
• Military tradition: nearly every male citizen skilled at
riding horses and using rifles skillfully.
They grew up in rural areas, most hunted and knew how
to navigate the outdoors.
• Violence was a traditional aspect of Southern Society.
The South glorified violence, and so young men had lots
of practice fighting.