Transcript Section 2 PowerPoint Notes

Chapter
15 Section 2
Objectives:
• Explain how new weapons made fighting the
Civil War more dangerous.
• Describe the course of the war in the East in
1862.
• Describe the early days of the war in the West
and at sea.
Early Years of the War
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15 Section 2
Chapter 15 Section 2:
Early Years of the War
Learning Target: I can describe the effects of new technology on Civil War combat.
Early Years of the War
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Warm Up Questions:
1. What is a border state?
2. Which army had the ability to give their
troops more supplies?
3. Why did the North set up a blockade of the
South’s coast? (pg. 515)
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Terms and People:
• ironclad – warships covered with protective
iron plates
• casualty – a person killed, missing, or wounded
in action
• George McClellan – very organized but
cautious Union General
• Ulysses S. Grant – Union General who was
very successful in the West
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How did both sides in the war try to
gain an advantage over the other?
After the First Battle of Bull Run, both the
North and the South knew a difficult struggle
lay ahead.
Both sides searched to find the leaders and the
strategies that would ensure victory.
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New Technology
New technology made the Civil War deadlier than
any previous war.
New rifles and cannons were faster to load, more
accurate, and had better range.
Generals on
both sides were
slow to adapt to
the new
technologies.
Early Years of the War
Thousand of
soldiers died by
following orders
to cross open
fields against
these new
weapons.
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Both sides also used warships covered with protective
iron plates, called ironclads.
Confederates used ironclads against Union blockades,
while Union ironclads helped gain control of the
Mississippi.
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After the Union defeat at Bull Run, President
Lincoln placed General George McClellan in
command.
McClellan trained
his troops for
seven months.
Lincoln was
frustrated by the
delay.
McClellan finally moved toward Richmond in
March 1862, but he paused again to ask for
reinforcements.
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McClellan’s delay gave the Confederates
time to prepare.
In May 1862,
Confederate troops
stopped McClellan’s
advance near Richmond.
Although Union soldiers
had been better trained,
they were forced to
retreat.
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Both sides responded to the Confederate victory
at Richmond.
Lee decided to
invade the
North.
He hoped a
victory there
would gain him
support in
Europe.
Early Years of the War
McClellan
discovered
Lee’s plan.
He also learned
that Lee’s army
was split into
two parts.
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Think Back:
Lee’s plan to win a battle in the North to gain the
support of European countries can be compared to
strategy used during what other conflict that we
have studied?
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Battle of Antietam
McClellan attacked the larger part of Lee’s army.
Both sides suffered
huge casualties.
Lee’s troops retreated.
Lincoln was upset that
McClellan did not pursue
Lee.
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The Battle of Antietam was the bloodiest day of
the Civil War for both Union and Confederate
troops.
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Why could the Union Army accept higher
casualty rates then the Confederate Army?
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Ulysses S. Grant
Meanwhile, Union armies in the West went on the
attack under the command of Ulysses S. Grant.
Grant and McClellan were very different.
McClellan was
cautious and
wore carefully
fitted uniforms.
Early Years of the War
Grant wore
rumpled
clothes, was
aggressive
and took
chances.
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Union forces made major advances in western
land and naval battles in 1862.
They took control of
most of the Mississippi
River.
Grant’s army then
marched toward a
railroad center at
Corinth.
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Before Grant could reach Corinth, he was attacked
by Confederate forces in Shiloh.
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The Battle of Shiloh was costly yet important for
both sides.
The South
suffered nearly
11,000
casualties.
The North
lost more
than 13,000
soldiers.
Union forces gained control of western Tennessee
and part of the Mississippi River.
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New Orleans
Two weeks later, a
Union fleet led by David
Farragut captured New
Orleans, Louisiana.
By the summer of 1862,
Union forces had gained
control of the entire
Mississippi River.
The Union hoped that its great progress in the
West would be enough to win the war.
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Disc 2 Civil War Chapters 2-3
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Closing Questions:
1. Identify two new technologies used in the Civil
War.
2. How did new military technology affect Civil War
combat?
3. Why did the North set military objectives to
seize the Mississippi River?
4. What were some characteristics of Grant as a
commanding officer?
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