Transcript The Civil War (1861-1865)

The Civil War (1861-1865)
Part 2: The Fall of the South
The Stalemate
• For the first two years of the Civil War, it was unclear who had the
advantage.
• While the South had more victories, the North was not losing
their advantages in numbers or industrial power
December 1862
• In December of 1862, General Ulysses S. Grant had surrounded Vicksburg,
Mississippi and put the town under siege.
• If the city fell, the Confederacy would lose control of the Mississippi river.
Lee’s position
Lee’s last hope
• Lee knew that the only
way to defeat the
Union was to take away
their will to fight.
• Northerners had not
seen much fighting on
their own soil, and Lee
wanted to change that.
• Rather than go and
help Vicksburg, Lee
chose to invade the
North again.
The Battle of Gettysburg, 1863
• Lee and 65,000 Confederate troops invaded
the North. (Texas Stadium held 63,000)
• They were met by 105,000 Union troops in
Gettysburg, PA. (Cowboys Stadium holds 102,000)
The Battle of Gettysburg, 1863
• The fighting would take place on July 2 & 3,
1863.
The Battle of Gettysburg, 1863
• There would a total of 51,000 casualties
• The bloodiest battle of the Civil War
The Battle of Gettysburg, 1863
• The Union won, and the South would no
longer be able to attack the North again. Lee’s
army would never recover
The Siege of Vicksburg, 1863
• The very next day (July 4, 1863) Vicksburg,
Mississippi would surrender to General Grant.
The Siege of Vicksburg, 1863
• The city had been cut off for seven months.
• The people had eaten everything they could find, including
dogs and, in some cases, their dead neighbors.
The Siege of Vicksburg, 1863
• When Vicksburg fell, the Union gained full
control of the Mississippi River.
• The Anaconda Plan was now coming to life
The Siege of Vicksburg, 1863
• Remember the Anaconda Plan?
The Siege of Vicksburg, 1863
Gettysburg –
Union victory
Grant takes
Vicksburg
Union Naval Blockade
since the beginning of
the Civil War
Turning Points of the Civil War
• Gettysburg and Vicksburg would be the
turning points of the Civil War.
• Became clear to all involved that the North would win eventually.
Ulysses S. Grant
• After Vicksburg,
Grant goes to
Washington to
command the
entire US Army.
Sherman’s March to the Sea
• The man who took over for Grant in Mississippi, William
Tecumseh Sherman, would invade the heart of the South
• He will forever be remembered for his ruthlessness
Sherman’s March to the Sea
Sherman takes
Atlanta, May-Sept
1864
Sherman captures
Savannah, GA – Dec 1865
Grant’s invasion of Virginia
• Here we go again, the Union is going to invade Virginia!
Lee surrenders at
Appomattox Courthouse,
April 9, 1865
Grant takes
Richmond, April 3,
1865
Appomattox Courthouse, 1865
• Robert E. Lee surrendered his army to Ulysses
S. Grant on April 9, 1865
• The Civil War was over
The Defeated South
• The rebels were allowed to go home, all they
had to do was swear an allegiance to the
Union before they left.