Transcript Impending Crisis & Civil War

Impending Crisis & Civil War
Crises
A. Fight
B. Scott
C. Harpers Ferry
D. Election
A. Candidates
B. Results
II. War (1861-65)
A. Fort Sumter
B. After…
Key Terms
I.
• Brooks vs. Sumner
• Dred Scott Decision
•
•
•
•
John Brown’s Raid
1860 Election
Border States
Emancipation
Proclamation
Brooks vs. Sumner-1856
(Tensions Continued To Rise)
• Senator Charles Sumner & Representative
Preston Brooks fought on the floor of the US
Senate.
Dred Scott Case
(1857)
Resided in Illinois (free
state) & Wisconsin (a
territory made free by
Congress) for many years.
He sued to obtain his
freedom.
Dred Scott
(A Slave)
Dred Scott Decision
(1857)
Chief Justice
1. Scott was not freed
2. Slaves (& all blacks) were denied
citizenship rights; slaves = property
 Congress cannot prohibit slavery
anywhere (only states have this
power)
Roger Taney
(1777-1864)
Impact Of Dred Scott
1. Infuriated Northerners as they feared slavery
could expand to new areas.
2. Demonstrated slavery was a NATIONAL
problem; not just Southern.
John Brown’s Raid
(1859)
• Brown was an abolitionist
• Raided the federal arsenal
in Harper’s Ferry, VA.
• Goal: Take munitions &
lead a slave rebellion
• He was captured & executed
1800-1859
John Brown’s Raid
(1859)
Officer who led
capture of Brown
Brown on trial
Robert E. Lee
Impact Of John Brown’s Raid
• It made Southerners fearful that maybe ALL in
the North were abolitionists.
• A final straw…?
1860 Election
Stephen Douglas (Northern Democrat)
•Supported Popular Sovereignty
John Breckinridge (Southern Democrat)
•Supported expansion of slavery into territories
Abraham Lincoln (Republican)
•Allow slavery to remain where it already
exists; but no new expansion
John Bell (Constitutional Union)
•Stood for Constitution, Union, & enforcement of
laws
Following Lincoln’s Victory
• Seven states seceded (even before his
inauguration)
– Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama,
Georgia, South Carolina & Florida
Fighting Begins
• Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers to fight for
Union following attack on Fort Sumter (April,
1861).
• Four more Southern states seceded.
– Virginia, North Carolina, Arkansas, Tennessee
Border States
• Slave states which remained loyal to the
Union.
• Missouri, Kentucky, West Virginia, Maryland,
Delaware
Emancipation Proclamation
(Effective 1/1/1863)
• Declared that slaves
residing in states in
rebellion against the
Union were freed.
• It did not free any slaves
in the states that remained
loyal to the Union.
1862
Results of the Civil War
(1861-1865)
1. Slavery ended—but what about the newly freed
slaves?
2. More than 600,000 Americans died
• WWII: 209 deaths per 100,000 (total pop)
• Civil War: 2,000 deaths per 100,000 (total
pop)
3. Much of the South was destroyed—how would it
be rebuilt?
Impending Crisis & Civil War
Crises
A. Fight
B. Scott
C. Harpers Ferry
D. Election
A. Candidates
B. Results
II. War (1861-65)
A. Fort Sumter
B. After…
Key Terms
I.
• Brooks vs. Sumner
• Dred Scott Decision
•
•
•
•
John Brown’s Raid
1860 Election
Border States
Emancipation
Proclamation