Transcript How did the South`s principle of states` rights undermine the

Main Idea
In 1863, President Lincoln issued the
Emancipation Proclamation, which helped to
change the war’s course.
Why It Matters Now
The Emancipation Proclamation was an
important step in ending slavery in the
United States.
What were the responses to
the Emancipation Proclamation?
Abolitionists were
glad it was issued but
wished that it had
gone further.
Most Union soldiers
welcomed it.
Northern Democrats
were worried it would
prolong the war.
RESPONSES TO
PROCLAMATION
White Southerners
were outraged.
• What was Lincoln’s reason for not
emancipating slaves when the war began?
• Why was the immediate impact of the
Emancipation Proclamation limited?
• Why did black soldiers often face greater
hardships than white soldiers?
• What was Lincoln’s reason for not emancipating
slaves when the war began?
His first priority was to preserve the Union. He
also did not have power within the Constitution
to abolish slavery.
• Why was the immediate impact of the
Emancipation Proclamation limited?
It was effective only in rebellious states and was
dependent on the Union army’s ability to enforce
it.
• Why did black soldiers often face greater
hardships than white soldiers?
They were given less pay, when captured they
were frequently shot or returned to slavery
EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION
– an executive order given by
President Lincoln ORDERING the
freeing all slaves in the Confederate
states
Did not free any slaves but helped war
effort
By the end of the war 180,000
African American soldiers had
served in the Union army
th
54
MASSACHUSETTS
REGIMENT – one of the first all
black Union regiments
Famous for
attack on Fort
Wagner in South
Carolina
Main Idea
The Civil War caused social, economic, and
political changes in the North and the South.
Why It Matters Now
Some changes, like the growth of industry,
affected Americans long after the end of the
Civil War.
During the later years of the war, how were the conditions
in the North and South similar? How were they different?
NORTH
Copperheads,
draft riots,
strong industry
BOTH
dissent over war
and draft laws,
inflation, women’s
key role, harsh
prison camps
SOUTH
food
shortages,
great
hardship,
slave
resistance
• How did the South’s principle of states’ rights
undermine the Confederate war effort?
• How did the draft laws in the
North and South differ?
• What conditions at prison camps caused
so many to suffer behind enemy lines?
• How did the South’s principle of states’ rights
undermine the Confederate war effort?
Each state worked in its own interest, preventing
the coordination of efforts.
• How did the draft laws in the North and
South differ?
The South required all men between 18-45 to
enlist, with few exceptions. The North offered
a bounty of $300, which led to more volunteers.
• What conditions at prison camps caused so
many to suffer behind enemy lines?
Exposure to severe weather; poor sanitation,
over crowding!
By the end of 1863 the confederate
army had lost 40% of its men
People in both the North and South
were questioning why the war was
being fought
COPPERHEADS – Democrats in
the North who want to end the war
and make peace with the South
a Copperhead is a type of
snake
CONSCRIPTION – a draft,
requiring people to serve in the
military
Both the Union
and Confederacy
have a draft
Supply and food shortages occur in
both the North and South
Inflation hits the South – during the
war prices go up 9000%
In 1861 the national government
establishes an INCOME TAX to
pay for the war
In 1862 the
government issues
a new type of
money – called
GREENBACKS
because of its color
Slaves begin to resist more in the
South – refuse to work, break things
on purpose
Advancing
Union troops
free slaves
Women also help the war effort in
many ways – relief agencies, nurses,
spies, factory workers
CLARA BARTON – nurse during the
Civil War, helped with supplies, later
started American Red Cross
DOROTHEA DIX – helped organize
hospitals for wounded soldiers
Each side took prisoners
of war
Many POW’s died in
camps because of no
food, poor shelter,
disease, overcrowding
ANDERSONVILLE – Confederate
POW camp in Georgia, built to
house 10,000 but at one point had
33,000
Around 50,000 soldiers died in POW
camps
ANDERSONVILLE
http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/11andersonville/11getting.htm
This painting was done
by a prisoner from
memory that was at
Andersonville