Transcript File

Warm Up
① Discuss the importance of the following Civil War battles:
①
Fort Sumter:
②
Bull Run/Manassas:
③
Shiloh:
④
Hampton Roads:
⑤
Antietam /Sharpsburg
THE SOCIAL AND POLITICAL
ASPECTS OF THE CIVIL WAR
POLITICAL  CIVIL WAR
EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION
Emancipation Proclamation
I.
Lincoln’s goal was to save the union
A. Lincoln wanted to preserve the USA
B. Keep both north & south together as one nation
II. Lincoln desired a swift end to the prolonged Civil
War
III. Lincoln used his presidential powers and issued the
Emancipation Proclamation
Emancipation Proclamation
I.
The Emancipation Proclamation was an attempt to end the
Civil War quickly
II. The EP freed all slaves in the Confederacy on January 1,
1863 if those states had no rejoined the union
A.
No Confederate states rejoined
III. The EP didn’t immediately free the slaves since Lincoln had
no control over those states
IV. The EP made compromise between north & south
impossible  war would end with victory & defeat
Debate over EP
I.
PRO
A. Abolitionists supported the EP as an end to slavery in
the south
B. The EP allowed free blacks could to enlist in the regular
army (Union Army)
II. ANTI
A. Democrats thought it would prolong war
B. The Confederacy would never give up  wouldn’t get to
have slavery
C. Some soldiers did not want to free slaves
DO NOW
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
Together let’s read the Emancipation
Proclamation
GOOGLE: Emancipation Proclamation and click
on the first link
With a partner complete the Emancipation
Proclamation Analysis Sheet
Read the question and answer the
accompanying questions.
LET’S REVIEW
African Americans in the War
I.
After the EP free blacks were allowed to serve in
Union Army
I.
Nearly 10% of union army was African American by
end of war ( only 1% of pop in north)
A.
B.
Suffered discrimination in the military
Separate regiments with white officers
C. Less pay until 1864
D. Slaves joined the Union Army after being granted their
freedom
Dealing With Political Dissent
I.
Both sides faced political problems during the Civil War
A. Union supporters in the Confederacy
B. Confederate supporters in the Union
II. Lincoln suspended the Writ of Habeas Corpus (right
that you can not be held in jail without cause) to stop
Confederate supporters
A. Jefferson Davis did the same in the C.S.A.
III. Lincoln controlled information: telegraph lines,
newspapers
IV. Lincoln set the precedent of expanding presidential
powers during times of war and national crisis.
Dealing With Political Dissent
I.
Many Americans did not support Lincoln using his
presidential powers during the war
II. Some northerners sympathized with the southerners
A. Known as the copperheads – northerners who support C.S.A.
B. Copperheads wanted the war to end  let the south go
C. Lincoln imprisoned many copperheads for their political beliefs
III. Lincoln will use his political power to win the war for the
Union
A. Any means necessary to preserve the Union
B. Save the United States
SOCIAL  CIVIL WAR
Life During Wartime
I.
The Civil War was expected to be short & have very
little loss of life
A. The war lasted for 4 years/ 622,000 soldiers died
II. As the war dragged on many soldiers died or deserted
(ran away)
III. The Union & Confederate governments passed
conscription laws
A. Drafting soldiers
B. Forced military service  not optional
C. Fight or Die
IV. Many Americans were unhappy being forced to fight for
a cause they did not support
Conscription Issues
I.
Confederacy
A. Draft law in 1862
B. All able-bodied white men
between 18-35 (later changed
to 17-50)
C. Wealthy people could hire
people to go in their place and
planters who owned more than
20 slaves were exempt
D. Some southern states refused
to follow this law, however, 80
% of eligible men served
I.
North
A.
B.
C.
D.
Draft law in 1863
Men 20-25
Could hire substitutes
Could pay $300 to avoid
being drafted
E. Would get a Bounty for
joining. Some men became
bounty hunters
F. 92% of 2 million men in
northern army volunteered
Draft Riots
I.
Some men who were drafted became upset with the
conscription laws
A.
B.
Rich man’s war & a poor man’s fight
Men could pay to get out of draft, slave owners could get
out of draft
II. Violence soon broke out over the conscription laws
A.
B.
C.
Mobs violently fought against the draft
In NYC an Irish mob wrecked draft offices destroyed
Republican newspapers, homes of anti-slave leaders and
beat up black men and wealthy looking whites
More than 100 died in draft riots in the United States
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P96_YIAROb0
New York City Draft Riots
July 11-13, 1863
Life As A Soldier
I.
Soldiers spent the majority of their time waiting for the
next battle to occur
II. Soldiers were exposed to unhealthy conditions:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
Most didn’t bathe, shower or clean
A poor diet  little food, unclean water
Terrible houses  majority in tents
Bad medical care
Disease & death are common
More soldiers died from infections than from battles
Life as a Soldier: POW Camps
I. Life for Union & Confederate soldiers in camp
was bad
II. But those captured as POW (Prisoner of War)
had it much worse
I.
South- Andersonville,
Georgia
A. Overcrowded,
B. Little shelter or food
and drank sewer water
C. 15% of Union prisoners
died in Southern
Camps
I.
North
A. Cold conditions killed
many southerners
B. Many died from
dysentery or
malnutrition
C. 10% of Southern
Soldiers died in Union
camps