Transcript 13-3 and 13

1920’s Women
 Women wanted to break away from tradition.
 Flapper- new, assertive woman who
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challenged the view of traditional women.
Double standard- women are held to stricter
rules than men.
Women went to college.
Birth control became widely used.
Women faced pressure of juggling work and
family
Education and Popular
Culture
 Schools Schools not just for college. (vocational schools)
 Adjusting to teaching immigrant students
 Costs and funding increase.
 Mass circulation of newspapers and
magazines.
 Radio allows information immediately.
American Heroes
 Sports and hobbies explode during the
1920’s.
 Baseball and boxing…
 Charles Lindbergh
 Flew the first flight across the Atlantic (New York
to Paris)
 The Spirit of St. Louis
Arts and Entertainment
 Movies
 The Jazz Singer- first movie with sound (1927).
 Walt Disney- Steamboat Willie- first animated film
 George Gershwin
 Combined traditional and jazz music
 Distinctly American music
 Painting
 Edward Hopper- loneliness of American life
 Georgia O’keefe- intensely colored New York.
Writers
 Sinclair Lewis- first American to win Nobel Prized
 Criticized American materialism
 F. Scott Fitzgerald
 The Great Gatsby- destructive lives of the wealthy.
 Coined the phrase “The Jazz Age.”
 Edna St. Vincent Millay- poems celebrate youth
 Ernest Hemingway
 Criticized the glorification of war
 Lost Generation writers
The Harlem Renaissance
 Marcus Garvey (UNIA)- tried to encourage African
Americans to create a separate society
 Promoted a “back to Africa” movement
 Harlem Renaissance- literary and artistic movement
celebrating African-American culture.
 Literature
 Claude Mckay- expressed the pain and challenges of African-
Americans
 Langston Hughes- poems about the difficult lives of working
class African Americans.
 Zora Neale Hurston- novels about poor, uneducated blacks
in the South.
Harlem Renaissance (cont)
 Performers
 Black performers became well known outside of Harlem.
 Paul Robeson- dramatic actor supporting communism.
 Louis Armstrong- trumpet player
 The most important jazz musician in the history of jazz
 Duke Ellington- jazz pianist and composer
 Performed at the Cotton Club (NY)
 One of America’s greatest composers.
 Bessie Smith- a female blues singer