Transcript 1920`s Brings Social Changes

II - Women Enjoy New Careers
1914 National Woman’s Party
 Woman’s Suffrage Succeeds
-1918(Wilson)
1920 19th Amendment
 Behavior/Attitude Changes:
-Dresses (shorter & looser), Hairstyles
-”Flappers”
 NEW Interests/Goals/Jobs & Roles
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Section 3: Education and Popular
Culture Change
Education “Grows” (enrollment/funding)
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–
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Assimilating “Immigrants” (Unique Problems)
News Coverage “Expands - New Interests”
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“Tabloids” (exaggerated stories)
(Insignificant Stories Grow)
 Ripley’s
Believe it or Not/ Guinness Book of:
 STUPID Activities to gain attention
(flag pole sitting, marathon dance contests)
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“Heroes” Charles Lindbergh,
Babe Ruth, Red Grange, Knute Rockne, Jack
Dempsey, Bobby Jones
American Heroes:
-Charles Lindbergh Spirit of St. Louis
-Amelia Earhart
 Sports Jack Dempsey/
Babe Ruth/Red Grange/
Knute Rockne, Bobby Jones
 Entertainment:
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–
Movies, Amusement Parks, Circus, and
thousands of others
 Mass
Media: (Competition) - (ONE Idea)
Newspapers, Magazines, Radio
 BALLYHOO – Huge increase in
sensational, exaggerated stories
about nothing…
–
 Mass
Information AGE
Influence and Manipulate
PUBLIC OPINION
 Mass Information AGE
 RADIO – NEWSPAPERS - MAGAZINES
–
What we SEE – HEAR – EXPERIENCE
will “Effect Who We Are”
 MOVIES(Charlie
Chaplin)
 Jazz Singer – Al Jolson
1st sound film
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RADIO
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Between 1923 and 1930, 60 percent of American families
purchased radios. Families gathered around their radios for
night-time entertainment.
As radio ownership increased, so did the number of radio
stations. By 1922, 600 radio stations had sprung up around the
United States.
Movies & Theater
–
–
Roxy Theatre (elaborate-elegant)
Fox Theatre (Atlanta)
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“Mighty MO” Pipe Organ
Ethnic Theaters (Ethnic Neighborhoods)
Yiddish, Italian-Am., African-Am., others
r
JAZZ
AGE
New Orleans, Memphis,
St. Louis, Chicago,
New York (Harlem)
 Louis Armstrong, Cab Calloway,
Duke Ellington, Bessie Smith,
Josephine Baker
 George
Gershwin
(composer)
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JAZZ
STYLES
New Orleans -Dixieland
Swing King Oliver, Benny Goodman
LOUIS ARMSTRONG (Satchmo)
BeBop
Charlie Parker – Dizzie Gillespie
Modern FUSION Miles Davis
Modern Soft JAZZ – Kenny G
Wynton Marsalis educating and pushing Jazz
Writers “Speak-Out” - Materialism
-single minded pursuit of $ and possessions
 -F. Scott Fitzgerald the Great Gatsby
-E.E. Cummings
-Ernest Hemingway
(new writing style)
 Literature (the Lost Generation)
Lost in the Greedy, Materialistic
world that lacked Moral Values
*out of place, without a country (living PARIS)
 Sinclair Lewis (Nobel Prize)
 “New Ideas About Society, Government and
How We Should Live”
IV. Harlem Renaissance
Begins  African Americans
Migrate Northward
(1910-1920 1 million)
 (1920’s 800,000)
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–
Push / Pull Motivations
Jim Crow-Sharecropping /
Jobs
1909 NAACP - National Association
for the Advancement of Colored People
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“protest racial violence”
W.E.B. DuBois
James Weldon Johnson
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NAACP Turns to
“Congress & Courts”
Anti Lynching Laws
Individual Court Cases establish
LEGAL PRECEDENCE (creates pattern of law)
Plessy v. Ferguson “Separate But Equal”
1 case, another, another, another PROVES a pattern
of “Separate but NOT EQUAL
Brown v. Board of Education
Black Nationalism
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Marcus Garvey
–
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(Separatist Movement)
UNIA - Black Pride - “Black is Beautiful”
–
Promote Black Businesses
Back to Africa Movement
 Liberia Africa's first republic, Liberia was founded in 1822 as a result of the efforts of
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the American Colonization Society to settle freed American slaves in
West Africa. The government of Africa's first republic was modeled
after that of the United States, and Joseph Jenkins Roberts of Virginia
was elected the first president.
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Organized “Funds” to raise money (FRAUD)
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The HARLEM
RENAISSANCE
Harlem Renaissance
Begins

“Harlem”
becomes center of Black
Intellectual and Cultural Life
–
Art, Music and LITERATURE
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Writers (Poetry)
Claude McKay, Countee Cullen
James Weldon Johnson,
& Langston Hughes

Poems with Jazz/Blues
Tempo – Equality & Freedom
JAZZ AGE
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Louis Armstrong,
Cab Calloway,
Duke Ellington,
Bessie Smith,
Josephine Baker
Cotton Club
 Savoy Theatre
 Apollo Theatre
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